What is mass curve in hydrology?
Mass Curve • It is a plot of cumulative volume of water that can be stored from a stream flow versus time in days, weeks or months. It shows a mass curve, Maximum intercept between line AB and mass curve is known as reservoir capacity • The unit used for storage is either cubic metre or day-second-metre.
What is mass curve of rainfall?
The mass curve of rainfall is a plot of the cumulative depth of rainfall against time, plotted in chronological order. The steepness of the curve indicates the intensity of rainfall. It is also known as station rainfall. The rainfall data of a particular station is known as point rainfall.
What is meant by mass curve and demand curve?
A mass diagram is the plot of accumulated inflow (i.e. supply) or outflow (i.e. demand) versus time. The mass curve of supply (i.e. supply line) is, therefore, first drawn and is superimposed by the demand curve. Calculate and plot the cumulative demand against time, and thus plot the mass curve of demand.
What is difference between mass curve and double mass curve?
The double mass curve is used to check the consistency of many kinds of Jiydrologic data by comparing data for a single station with that of a pattern composed of the data from several other stations in the area. The double-mass curve can be used to adjust inconsistent precipitation data.
What is purpose of mass curve?
A plotting of the cumulative values of a variable as a function of time. This is applied especially to mass curves of rainfall in storm studies, to departures of various weather elements from normal, and to streamflow data for reservoir studies.
What is Isohyetal method?
The isohyetal method is used to estimate the mean precipitation across an area by drawing lines of equal precipitation. The method uses topographic and other data to yield reliable estimates. Isohyets are contours of equal precipitation analogous to contour lines on a topographic map.
What is a rainfall Hyetograph?
A hyetograph is a graphical representation of the distribution of rainfall intensity over time. The maximum intensity may not be reached as uniformly as shown in the SCS hyetographs.
What is station year method?
The combination of records from several sites so as to obtain a single long record (with a length the sum of the lengths of the individual records). The composite record is used to obtain an average frequency distribution describing the phenomena at sites in the region.
What is station year method in hydrology?
This method is known as Station-year method. The number of times a storm of intensity 6 cm/h was equalled or exceeded in three different rain gauge stations in a region were 4, 2 and 5 for periods of records of 36, 25 and 48 years.
What is meant by hyetograph?
hyetograph. / (ˈhaɪɪtəˌɡrɑːf, -ˌɡræf) / noun. a chart showing the distribution of rainfall of a particular area, usually throughout a year. a self-recording rain gauge.
What is unit hyetograph?
Unit hydrograph is a direct runoff hydrograph resulting from one unit (one inch or one cm) of constant intensity uniform rainfall occurring over the entire watershed. The concept of unit hydrograph is based on linear systems theory and follow the principles of superposition and proportionality.
What is direct run off?
Direct surface runoff is the rain or meltwater that runs off during the rain or melt event as overland flow or in the vegetation cover above a frozen soil. The meltwater and the rain falling onto snow or on frozen ground reach a stream along different pathways.
How do you find direct runoff?
Direct Runoff Formula For a given surface area such as a roof or yard, multiply the area by the inches of rainfall and divide by 231 to obtain the runoff in gallons. The factor 231 comes from the fact that the volume of 1 gallon equals 231 cubic inches.
What is an example of runoff?
Runoff is defined as excess water draining away from land or buildings. The overflow of water that drains off of your driveway is an example of runoff.
What are the two main components of runoff?
COMPONENTS OF RUNOFF:
- Direct rainfall over the stream:-
- Surface runoff or overland flow: –
- Subsurface flow or interflow:–
- Base flow, groundwater flow or Dry weather flow:-
What is another word for runoff?
In this page you can discover 18 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for runoff, like: flow, surface-water, groundwater, rainfall, surplus water, spring runoff, snowmelt, aquifer, ground-water, streamflow and run-off.