How does magma viscosity affect the type of volcanic eruption?
The viscosity of the magma, however, is also an important factor in determining whether an eruption will be explosive or nonexplosive. A low-viscosity magma, like basalt, will allow the escaping gases to migrate rapidly through the magma and escape to the surface.
How does Magma influences the explosiveness of an eruption?
When this magma reaches the surface, the gas bubbles will have a high pressure inside, which will cause them to burst explosively on reaching atmospheric pressure. This will cause an explosive volcanic eruption.
Which magma composition causes the most violent volcanic eruption and why?
The largest and most violent of all the types of volcanic eruptions are Plinian eruptions. They are caused by the fragmentation of gassy magma, and are usually associated with very viscous magmas (dacite and rhyolite).
What is the most dangerous type of eruption?
Composite volcanoes are some of the most dangerous volcanoes on the planet. They tend to occur along oceanic-to-oceanic or oceanic-to-continental boundaries because of subduction zones.
What are the factors that contribute to magma formation?
the formation of magma are temperature, pressure, water content, and mineral content. gradient. increases the rock’s melting point.
Which component of magma is the highest in the lowest in value?
Felsic magma has the highest silica content of all magma types, between 65-70%. As a result, felsic magma also has the highest gas content and viscosity, and lowest mean temperatures, between 650o and 800o Celsius (1202o and 1472o Fahrenheit).
What of the following elements has the highest amount in the magma?
Answer. oxygen is the elements which have highest amount of magma.
Which magma composition causes the most violent eruptions?
Explosive eruptions are favored by high gas content & high viscosity magmas (andesitic to rhyolitic magmas). The explosive bursting of bubbles fragments the magma into clots of liquid that cool as they fall through the air.
What difference is there between the composition of lava and magma?
Magma is composed of molten rock and is stored in the Earth’s crust. Lava is magma that reaches the surface of our planet through a volcano vent.
What are the three principal types of volcanoes?
There are three types of volcanoes: cinder cones (also called spatter cones), composite volcanoes (also called stratovolcanoes), and shield volcanoes. Figure 11.22 illustrates the size and shape differences amongst these volcanoes. Shield volcanoes, which get their name from their broad rounded shape, are the largest.
What is the difference between Volcano and vent?
A volcano is connected to the magma chamber under the surface of Earth. This chamber has molten rocks which flow out from the volcano. The actual outflow of the lava takes place from one or more openings, known as the vents. There is usually a primary vent and many smaller vents.
What is the definition of vent in a volcano?
Any opening at the Earth’s surface through which magma erupts or volcanic gases are emitted.
Where is the vent located in a volcano?
The volcano vent can be located both at the summit of a volcano or on the flanks of a volcano. Cinder cones form over a central vent that produces a crater at its summit. Shield volcanoes usually form over hot spots in an ocean floor. The vent of a volcano can be at the summit or along the flank of a volcano.
What is main vent of volcano?
Main Vent: A volcano’s main vent is the weak point in the Earth’s crust where hot magma has been able to rise from the magma chamber and reach the surface.
What is the area around a volcano called?
Vent – An opening in Earth’s surface through which volcanic materials escape. Flank – The side of a volcano. Lava – Molten rock that erupts from a volcano that solidifies as it cools. Crater – Mouth of a volcano – surrounds a volcanic vent.
What are the layers in a volcano?
A cross section of a composite volcano reveals alternating layers of rock and ash: (1) magma chamber, (2) bedrock, (3) pipe, (4) ash layers, (5) lava layers, (6) lava flow, (7) vent, (8) lava, (9) ash cloud.
What are the 11 types of volcanoes?
What are the Different Types of Volcanoes?
- Cinder Cone Volcanoes: These are the simplest type of volcano.
- Composite Volcanoes: Composite volcanoes, or stratovolcanoes make up some of the world’s most memorable mountains: Mount Rainier, Mount Fuji, and Mount Cotopaxi, for example.
- Shield Volcanoes:
- Lava Domes:
What is volcano in simple words?
A volcano is an opening in the earth’s crust through which lava, volcanic ash, and gases escape. Beneath a volcano, liquid magma containing dissolved gases rises through cracks in the Earth’s crust.
Which of the following best describes a volcano?
Answer. Answer: A volcano is a hole in Earth’s surface through which magma (called lava when it reaches Earth’s surface), hot gases, ash, and rock fragments escape from deep inside the planet. The word volcano also is used to describe the cone of erupted material (lava and ash) that builds up around the opening.