What is ethnocentrism William Graham Sumner?
Ethnocentrism is a belief that the norms, values, ideology, customs, and traditions of ones own culture or subculture are superior to those characterizing other cultural settings. The term was coined by William Graham Sumner in his Folkways (1906) and has long served as a cornerstone in the social analysis of culture.
What is the concept of ethnocentrism?
Definition. Ethnocentrism is the act of judging another culture from the perspective of one’s own. The other culture is viewed as inferior when compared to one’s own. One’s own perspective is judged as right while the other is judged as wrong or less than.
Who has coined the concept of ethnocentrism?
For example, Kinder and Kam (2009) begin their recent book on ethnocentrism with: “Ethnocentrism is an ancient phenomenon but it is a modern word, invented at the opening of the twentieth century by William Graham Sumner, an eminent professor of political and social science at Yale” (p. 1).
Is ethnocentrism positive or negative?
As basic sociological theory holds, people flourish when they are well integrated into society. Ethnocentrism leads the group to rally around what makes their culture distinct. Ethnocentrism also bears a positive effect on societies as it heralds the most important elements in that society.
What is the problem with ethnocentrism?
Ethnocentrism can lead to problems such as racism, xenophobia, cultural ignorance, and insensitivity. It can also contribute to political, social, and economic violence against certain groups of people.
What are the pros and cons of ethnocentrism?
List of the Pros of Ethnocentrism
- It creates high levels of self-esteem.
- Ethnocentrism creates like-minded togetherness.
- It allows a society to remember past traditions.
- Ethnocentrism created the world we have today.
- Ethnocentrism encourages false conclusions.
- It creates rifts within societies.
What is the disadvantage of Xenocentrism?
xenocentrism can easily lead to arrogance as well as the tendency of ignoring the useful and superior mindset and knowledge or that another group might offer. This results to the loss of meaningful association that a person may have with others with regard to certain specific differences.
Are we all ethnocentric?
All human beings are. All human beings are, to some extent, ethnocentric. Anthropologists generally define ethnocentrism as the view held by members of a particular culture that the values and ways of one’s own group are superior to others, and that all other cultures are judged inferior with reference to this view.
Is the concept of ethnocentrism a bad thing?
Although the causes of ethnocentric beliefs and actions can have varying roots of context and reason, the effects of ethnocentrism has had both negative and positive effects throughout history. The most detrimental effects of ethnocentrism resulting into genocide, apartheid, slavery, and many violent conflicts.
What are the main drawbacks of being ethnocentrism?
Disadvantages of Ethnocentrism.
- Creates hatred, mis-understanding and hostility between societies.
- It dehumanizes others, makes them less human.
- It limits co-operation and mutual understanding.
- Produces pride and arrogance.
- It divides society where there are diversities of peoples or races.
What is another word for ethnocentrism?
Ethnocentrism Synonyms – WordHippo Thesaurus….What is another word for ethnocentrism?
| xenophobia | bigotry |
|---|---|
| racism | isolationism |
| ethnocentricity | jingoism |
| racialism | discrimination |
| intolerance | prejudice |
How does ethnocentrism affect communication?
Ethnocentrism. Ethnocentrism is perceiving one’s own cultural beliefs and customs as superior to those of other people. When communicating, an attitude of ethnocentrism makes people from other cultures feel undervalued. Thus, communication is unproductive and/or even counterproductive.
How can ethnocentrism be prevented?
Instead of immersing yourself immediately into unfamiliar culture, start small: Head out to a market near you to try cuisines from different parts of the world. Browse a magazine or read a picture book about the cultures different from your own. Make a food typical of the place you plan to visit.
How can we prevent ethnocentrism in communication?
There are some simple habits that can help us overcome ethnocentrism:
- * Avoid Assumptions. Don’t forget that people from different culture would have other customs, beliefs, values or traditions that we should respect.
- *Learn about other cultures.
- *Avoid judgments.
- *Be respectful.
What is ethnocentrism and how can it be reduced?
A global leader can reduce ethnocentrism in an organization by modeling open-minded behaviors and embracing new cultures with open arms. People fear differences, so ethnocentrism is a very serious and real concept. But people also learn from watching each other.
What is ethnocentrism and how can it be overcome in communication?
Ethnocentrism is when one tends to judge other ethnic or cultural groups according to the dominant, or superior, culture in which they belong. A degree of ethnocentrism is natural when being introduced to a different culture. Fortunately these cross-cultural barriers can be overcome through exposure.
How is America ethnocentric?
Ethnocentrism is the tendency to judge another culture by the standards of one’s own culture. Ethnocentrism usually entails the notion that one’s own culture is superior to everyone else’s. Example: Americans tend to value technological advancement, industrialization, and the accumulation of wealth.
What is ethnocentrism in business communication?
ETHNOCENTRISM. Ethnocentrism is the belief that one’s own cultural group is somehow innately superior to others. It is easy to say that ethnocentrism only affects the bigoted or those ignorant of other cultures, and so is unlikely to be a major factor in one’s own business communication.
How does ethnocentrism affect the workplace?
Ethnocentrism. According to conflict specialists the Aviary Group, if ethnocentrism is allowed to infiltrate a workplace, the result is often intragroup conflict fueled by favoritism, exclusion and cliquish behavior. When conflict is rampant, performance and productivity in the workplace suffer.
How does ethnocentrism affect one’s worldview?
Explanation: Ethnocentrism means we judge others in the “right” way from the point of view of our own society. It also impacts our thinking, because we believe our way is just the right way. This means that through the prism of our experience we see our experiences.
What is the difference between ethnocentrism and multiculturalism?
To the extent that multiculturalism is inclusive, ethnocentrism is exclusive. In multiculturalism, we are enriched with multiple understandings precisely because we are expected to suppress none, or exclude anyone from participating. Ethnocentrism, on the other hand, has a totally different dynamic.