What should an in-text citation include?
In-text citations include the last name of the author followed by a page number enclosed in parentheses. “Here’s a direct quote” (Smith 8). If the author’s name is not given, then use the first word or words of the title. Follow the same formatting that was used in the Works Cited list, such as quotation marks.
What are the 4 parts of an in-text citation?
All APA reference list entries contain four main components: author, date, title, and source.
What does it mean to cite examples?
to quote (a passage, book, author, etc.), especially as an authority: He cited the Constitution in his defense. to mention in support, proof, or confirmation; refer to as an example: He cited many instances of abuse of power. to summon officially or authoritatively to appear in court.
What does in-text referencing mean?
In-text references or citations are used to acknowledge the work or ideas of others. They are placed next to the text that you have paraphrased or quoted, enabling the reader to differentiate between your writing and other people’s work. The full details of your in-text references must be included in a reference list.
What is the difference between in text and end text referencing?
These references help to support your work with relevant research and give credit to original authors. In-text citations often come at the end of a sentence and must have a matching reference at the end of the paper. A reference should provide complete information about a source and where it can be found.
What is et al used for?
One of these is the Latin phrase et al., an abbreviation meaning “and others.” It is used to shorten lists of author names in text citations to make repeated referencing shorter and simpler.
Does a period go after et al?
This phrase means “and others.” Most commonly, et al. indicates other contributors (authors, editors, etc.) in a bibliographic list, such as “Feynman, Hawking, Sagan, et al.” There should always be a period after et al. to show it is an abbreviation.
Do you put a comma after an author’s name?
But in the example below, no commas are used around the by phrases because the authors’ names are needed to distinguish works with the same title: If you remove the by phrases, the sentence is nonsensical: I am reading Life after Life, not Life after Life.
Do you put a comma between thank you and someone name?
If you are telling someone “thank you” directly, you always need a comma after “thank you.” This is the most common way of using the phrase, so in most cases you will want that comma. You should also put a comma or a period after “thank you” if it’s the last part of a letter or email before your name or signature.