How do you cite a PDF in turabian?

How do you cite a PDF in turabian?

When it comes to citing in Chicago or Turabian style, you should add the PDF identifier after the title of document or book, as shown below. Additionally, Chicago style requires you to add https://doi.org/ to DOIs.

What is Turabian style?

The Turabian style is a citing and referencing system based on the Chicago style and named after Kate Turabian, from the University of Chicago, who authored a manual to guide students in citing and referencing when writing research papers.

Which of the following elements must be included in a turabian Chicago style paper?

A Chicago/Turabian- style paper should include a title page, a body, a references section, and, in some cases, endnotes. Chicago/Turabian style provides specific guidelines for line spacing (your paper should be double-spaced), margins (1–1.5 inches), and page numbering.

What is the difference between AP and Chicago style?

Numbers. In AP style, spell out whole numbers up to (and including) nine; in Chicago style, spell out whole numbers up to (and including) one hundred. Note that both style guides have different rules for numbers in situations such as percentages, measurements and currency.

What is Chicago style format used for?

Chicago citation style was created by the University of Chicago. It is commonly used for citing sources in History and occasionally in the Humanities, Sciences, and Social Sciences.

Does AP style use the Oxford comma?

The Oxford (or serial) comma is the final comma in a list of things. For example: Use of the Oxford comma is stylistic, meaning that some style guides demand its use while others don’t. AP Style—the style guide that newspaper reporters adhere to—does not require the use of the Oxford comma.

Does the Chicago Manual of Style use the Oxford comma?

Commas. Q. Chicago, APA, and other style guides for US English require a comma before the conjunction in a series of three or more items, per Strunk and White. And since it is commonly called the Oxford comma, it seems the British have been onto it for a while as well.

Is the Oxford comma outdated?

The short answer: No. Many writers, including journalists, live by the Associated Press stylebook. AP style does not use Oxford commas. However, Chicago style does require Oxford commas.

When did the Oxford comma become optional?

The Oxford comma has been attributed to Horace Hart, printer and controller of the Oxford University Press from 1893 to 1915, who wrote Hart’s Rules for Compositors and Readers in 1905 as a style guide for the employees working at the press. However, at that time, the comma was not called the Oxford comma.

Why the Oxford comma is important?

The Oxford comma is the comma placed before the conjunction at the end of a list of things. For example, in “the flag was red, white, and blue”, the Oxford comma would be the one appearing before “and”. Proponents of the Oxford comma say it’s necessary for removing ambiguity in sentences.

Why you shouldn’t use the Oxford comma?

The AP Stylebook considers the Oxford Comma unimportant, and many journalists agree that they shouldn’t be required to use it. Why don’t they use it? Many opponents of the Oxford comma claim that it makes a piece of writing sound more pretentious and stuffy, and that it can make things seem cluttered and redundant.

Where do you put commas in a list?

Rule 1. Use commas to separate words and word groups in a simple series of three or more items. Example: My estate goes to my husband, son, daughter-in-law, and nephew. Note: When the last comma in a series comes before and or or (after daughter-in-law in the above example), it is known as the Oxford comma.

Do you put a comma before the last item in a list?

Do not place a comma after the last item in the list (see fourth example below) unless the structure of the sentence otherwise requires it (see third example below, in which the comma after audience is required to separate an introductory dependent clause from the main clause).

What are examples of independent clauses?

Independent Clause Examples

• I enjoy sitting by the fireplace and reading.
• Waiting to have my car’s oil changed is boring.
• She wants to travel the world and see wonderful sights.
• Our planets revolve around the sun.
• The professor always comes to class fully prepared.
• Hurricanes strengthen over warm waters.

How do you join two independent clauses?

To combine two independent clauses (complete sentences), use a semicolon or a comma and conjunction. To attach a dependent clause, use a comma if it comes before the independent clause; use no comma if it comes after the independent clause, unless it is a “contrast word” (although, though, even though, whereas).

Do you have to put a comma between two independent clauses?

Thus, it can separate two independent clauses by itself; a comma cannot separate two independent clauses unless it is followed by a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS).

How do you join two sentences?

You have four options for combining two complete sentences: comma and a conjunction (“and,” “but,” “or,” “for,” or “yet”) semicolon and a transitional adverb, like “therefore,” “moreover,” or “thus”

What are some examples of independent and dependent clauses?

dependent clause, independent clause. Example: Since I was tired, I decided to go to bed. When the dependent (subordinate) clause follows the independent clause, don’t use a comma before or after the subordinating conjunction (connecting word).

What are the 3 types of dependent clauses?

What are the three types of dependent clauses?

• Adverbial Dependent Clauses.
• Relative Dependent Clauses.
• Noun Dependent Clauses.

What are the four types of conditionals?

There are 4 basic types of conditionals: zero, first, second, and third. It’s also possible to mix them up and use the first part of a sentence as one type of conditional and the second part as another.

How do you identify an independent and dependent clause?

An independent clause is a sentence. Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his chemistry quiz. A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought. A dependent clause cannot be a sentence.