What does translation mean in biology?

What does translation mean in biology?

Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins. …

What is the correct order of translation?

Translation is the process of converting mRNA to an amino acid chain. There are three major steps to translation: initiation, elongation, and termination.

What are the stages of translation in biology?

Translation is a process by which the genetic code contained within a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. It occurs in the cytoplasm following transcription and, like transcription, has three stages: initiation, elongation and termination.

Where is translation found?

Where Translation Occurs. Within all cells, the translation machinery resides within a specialized organelle called the ribosome. In eukaryotes, mature mRNA molecules must leave the nucleus and travel to the cytoplasm, where the ribosomes are located.

What are the steps of translation and protein synthesis?

It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. After the mRNA is processed, it carries the instructions to a ribosome in the cytoplasm. Translation occurs at the ribosome, which consists of rRNA and proteins.

What happens after translation in protein synthesis?

In the process of translation, the mRNA attaches to a ribosome. Next, tRNA molecules shuttle the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome, one-by-one, coded by sequential triplet codons on the mRNA, until the protein is fully synthesized. When completed, the mRNA detaches from the ribosome, and the protein is released.

How do you teach protein synthesis?

Teaching Protein Synthesis Just Got Easier

1. USE INTERACTIVES. Check out this interactive website where you can go through the process of transcription and translation up on the board with your students.
2. USE PUZZLES.
3. USE VIDEOS.
4. TEACHING GENE EXPRESSION (The harder part)
5. USE ANALOGIES.

What are the 5 steps in protein synthesis?

The major steps are:

1. (a) Activation of amino acids:
2. (b) Transfer of amino acid to tRNA:
3. (c) Initiation of polypeptide chain:
4. (d) Chain Termination:
5. (e) Protein translocation:

What is the correct order of protein synthesis?

The correct sequence of events in protein synthesis is transcription, then translation.

What comes first in protein synthesis?

STEP 1: The first step in protein synthesis is the transcription of mRNA from a DNA gene in the nucleus. At some other prior time, the various other types of RNA have been synthesized using the appropriate DNA. The RNAs migrate from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.

What are the 9 steps of protein synthesis?

Terms in this set (9)

• DNA unravels, exposing code.
• mRNA comes in.
• transcription (copying genetic code from DNA)
• mRNA exits nucleus, goes to ribosome.
• translation (gives message to ribosome)
• tRNA brings in specific amino acids (anticodons)
• protein synthesis begins.
• peptides.

How is the two stage process of protein synthesis advantageous?

The protein synthesis is a two stage process, this reduces the complexity of the process involved in protein synthesis. Explanation: The transcription is the process in which RNA molecules are produced by using the double stranded DNA molecule.

What is the function of protein synthesis?

Protein synthesis represents the major route of disposal of amino acids. Amino acids are activated by binding to specific molecules of transfer RNA and assembled by ribosomes into a sequence that has been specified by messenger RNA, which in turn has been transcribed from the DNA template.

What are the benefits of protein synthesis?

The ribosome assembles the correct amino acids to form a new protein. Proteins are important in all cells and do different jobs, such as incorporating carbon dioxide into sugar in plants and protecting bacteria from harmful chemicals. If protein synthesis goes wrong, diseases such as cancer can occur.

What happens to mRNA after translation?

Messenger RNA (mRNA) mediates the transfer of genetic information from the cell nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis. Once mRNAs enter the cytoplasm, they are translated, stored for later translation, or degraded. All mRNAs are ultimately degraded at a defined rate.

Can mRNA be translated more than once?

Messenger RNAs can be translated simultaneously by several ribosomes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Once one ribosome has moved away from the initiation site, another can bind to the mRNA and begin synthesis of a new polypeptide chain.