What is the process of DNA replication?
DNA replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. Once the DNA in a cell is replicated, the cell can divide into two cells, each of which has an identical copy of the original DNA.
What is DNA replication summary?
DNA replication is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division. The separation of the two single strands of DNA creates a ‘Y’ shape called a replication ‘fork’. The two separated strands will act as templates for making the new strands of DNA.
Why is it called 5 and 3?
Each end of DNA molecule has a number. One end is referred to as 5′ (five prime) and the other end is referred to as 3′ (three prime). The 5′ and 3′ designations refer to the number of carbon atom in a deoxyribose sugar molecule to which a phosphate group bonds.
What does 3 Prime mean?
3′ (3-prime) MGI Glossary. Definition. A term that identifies one end of a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule. The 3′ end is that end of the molecule which terminates in a 3′ phosphate group.
Why is DNA replication called a semi conservative process?
As the DNA double helix is unwound by helicase, replication occurs separately on each template strand in antiparallel directions. This process is known as semi-conservative replication because two copies of the original DNA molecule are produced. Each copy contains one original strand and one newly-synthesized strand.
Why is it called 5 end?
The 5′-end (pronounced “five prime end”) designates the end of the DNA or RNA strand that has the fifth carbon in the sugar-ring of the deoxyribose or ribose at its terminus.
What does DNA polymerase do in DNA replication?
DNA polymerase is responsible for the process of DNA replication, during which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied into two identical DNA molecules. Scientists have taken advantage of the power of DNA polymerase molecules to copy DNA molecules in test tubes via polymerase chain reaction, also known as PCR.
What is the role of Primase is the process of bacterial DNA replication?
Primase synthesizes a short RNA primer, providing a free 3′-OH group to which DNA polymerase III can add DNA nucleotides. The RNA primers are removed and replaced with DNA nucleotides by bacterial DNA polymerase I, and DNA ligase seals the gaps between these fragments.