What is involved in nucleotide excision repair?

What is involved in nucleotide excision repair?

In nucleotide excision repair, the damaged nucleotide(s) are removed along with a surrounding patch of DNA. In this process, a helicase (DNA-opening enzyme) cranks open the DNA to form a bubble, and DNA-cutting enzymes chop out the damaged part of the bubble.

What enzyme S is are involved in replacing the removed nucleotides following excision repair?

Excision repair involves removal of a damaged nucleotide by dual incisions bracketing the lesion; this is accomplished by a multisubunit enzyme referred to as the excision nuclease or excinuclease.

Which DNA polymerase is involved in nucleotide excision repair?

epsilon

Which of the following enzyme S is involved base excision repair?

APE1 is considered to be the major AP endonuclease in human cells. It exhibits robust AP-endonuclease activity, which accounts for >95% of the total cellular activity. Mg2+ is requested in its active site in order to carry out its role in base excision repair. APN1 is the homolog of this enzyme in the yeast.

What does base excision repair?

Base excision repair, pathway by which cells repair damaged DNA during DNA replication. Base excision repair helps ensure that mutations are not incorporated into DNA as it is copied.

What enzyme does mismatch repair?

One type of mistake, called a mismatch, happens when the polymerase incorporates the wrong nucleotide into a strand. The animation illustrates how mismatches can be fixed with a set of repair proteins. These proteins recruit an enzyme called EXO1 to remove the incorrect section.

What are the DNA repair mechanisms?

At least five major DNA repair pathways—base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), mismatch repair (MMR), homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)—are active throughout different stages of the cell cycle, allowing the cells to repair the DNA damage.

What enzyme removes primer?

DNA polymerase

What enzyme removes RNA primer and replaces it with DNA?

Primase synthesizes RNA primers complementary to the DNA strand. DNA polymerase III extends the primers, adding on to the 3′ end, to make the bulk of the new DNA. RNA primers are removed and replaced with DNA by DNA polymerase I.