What is the function of Primase in DNA replication?
Primase is an enzyme that synthesizes short RNA sequences called primers. These primers serve as a starting point for DNA synthesis. Since primase produces RNA molecules, the enzyme is a type of RNA polymerase.
How do cells duplicate?
Most of the time when people refer to “cell division,” they mean mitosis, the process of making new body cells. Meiosis is the type of cell division that creates egg and sperm cells. During mitosis, a cell duplicates all of its contents, including its chromosomes, and splits to form two identical daughter cells.
What happens during metaphase?
During metaphase, the cell’s chromosomes align themselves in the middle of the cell through a type of cellular “tug of war.” The chromosomes, which have been replicated and remain joined at a central point called the centromere, are called sister chromatids.
Why is metaphase so important?
It’s crucial that all of the genetic material is perfectly divided so that exactly one copy of each chromosome goes into each daughter cell. In metaphase, the pairs of chromosomes are all lined up in the center of the cell, so that they can be pulled apart into the two daughter cells in the next phase of mitosis.
What is the function of metaphase 1?
The first metaphase of meisosis I encompasses the alignment of paired chromosomes along the center (metaphase plate) of a cell, ensuring that two complete copies of chromosomes are present in the resulting two daughter cells of meiosis I.
What happens in metaphase of mitosis simple?
Metaphase in Mitosis During mitosis, the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell, with the sister chromatids of each chromosome on either side of the metaphase plate. Before mitosis, during interphase, the cell replicates its DNA.
What happens directly after metaphase?
The next phase is anaphase. The chromatids separate at the centromere.
What is the most important difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis produces two diploid (2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical to each other and the original parent cell, whereas meiosis produces four haploid (n) gametes that are genetically unique from each other and the original parent (germ) cell.
What is mitosis in simple words?
Mitosis is a process of cell duplication, in which one cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells. In the various stages of mitosis, the cell’s chromosomes are copied and then distributed equally between the two new nuclei of the daughter cells.