What is Zika virus PDF?
Zika is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by Zika virus (ZIKV), a flavivirus from the Flaviviridae family, initially identified in 1947 in the Zika forest in Uganda in the Rhesus macaque population.
What is the Zika virus made of?
Zika virus is a single-stranded RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family, genus Flavivirus. Zika virus is transmitted to humans primarily through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus).
What is Zika virus in English?
Zika fever (also known as Zika virus disease) is an illness caused by Zika virus. Most cases have no symptoms, but when present they are usually mild and can resemble dengue fever. Symptoms may include fever, red eyes, joint pain, headache, and a maculopapular rash.
Is Zika still a threat 2020?
As of January 2020, there are no areas with a current Zika outbreak. If you are trying to get pregnant, or your partner is trying to get pregnant, then you may want to reconsider travel because of the virus’s link to birth defects and complications.
What countries have Zika virus 2020?
As of 2020, virus activity continues in the Caribbean, most of Latin America, Central Africa, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia, and Papua New Guinea, among other places. Below is some information regarding the number of Zika cases over recent years in specific countries.
What happened Zika baby?
“There was a new, emerging pathogen in the world.” The pandemic’s emergency status was lifted in November 2016. But it left more than 3,700 children born with birth defects — the most severe of which is microcephaly, where babies are born with small heads and brain damage — in its aftermath.
What is the life expectancy of a Zika baby?
Some babies with smooth brain don’t have serious health problems, but others stop developing after 3 to 5 months and many die before they’re 2 years old.
What is the life expectancy of a baby with microcephaly?
There is no standard life expectancy for microcephalic babies because outcomes depend on so many factors, and the severity of the condition can range from mild to severe. Babies with mild microcephaly may still meet the same milestones like speaking, sitting and walking as a child without the disorder.
Does Zika go away?
The body clears the Zika virus eventually. There are some viruses that stay in the body permanently — herpes and the AIDS virus HIV, for example. But Zika virus is one that the immune system eventually gets rid of. Several viruses are known to cause birth defects if the mother is infected during pregnancy.
How long does Zika live in sperm?
“We found that half of participants had detectable Zika virus particles in their blood at 15 days and in their urine at 11 days. Duration was the longest in semen. In a few men, parts of the virus were detected in semen for as long as 4 months.
Where is Zika most commonly found?
Outbreaks of Zika virus disease have been recorded in Africa, the Americas, Asia and the Pacific. From the 1960s to 1980s, rare sporadic cases of human infections were found across Africa and Asia, typically accompanied by mild illness.
How long does Zika live in your body?
By 81 days, the virus had disappeared from semen in 95% of men (95% confidence interval, 64 to 98). Guidelines from the CDC recommend that infected men use condoms or abstain from sex for six months after infection with the Zika virus.
How long does Zika stay in woman’s body?
It’s the virus that causes the birth defects, and the virus clears from a person’s bloodstream within about two weeks. No virus, no possibility that it can cause birth defects. To learn more, STAT spoke with Dr. Denise Jamieson, a senior member of the CDC’s Zika response team.
Who is most at risk for Zika virus?
The overall estimated incidence of confirmed and presumptive Zika virus disease was 844 cases per 100,000 residents. The highest incidences were in persons aged 20–29 years (1,150 cases per 100,000 residents), and 10–19 years (1,111 per 100,000) (Figure 1) when pregnant women were included.
Can I get Zika twice?
Once someone has been infected with Zika, it’s very likely they’ll be protected from future infections. There is no evidence that past Zika infection poses an increased risk of birth defects in future pregnancies.
Is there a cure for Zika?
There is no specific medicine or vaccine for Zika virus. Treat the symptoms. Get plenty of rest.
Can you get Zika from oral?
A person with Zika can transmit the virus to his or her partner(s) through vaginal sex, anal sex, and likely oral sex.
Is there a test for Zika before getting pregnant?
The CDC recommends men who’ve had Zika symptoms or a positive Zika test wait six months before trying to conceive; a woman should wait at least eight weeks.
Can I get a Zika test?
Your doctor or other healthcare provider will order a test to look for Zika genetic material, RNA, which can be in blood and urine. If you test positive for Zika RNA, it means that you may have recently been infected with Zika. If you test negative, no Zika RNA was detected.
Can you have Zika and not know it?
Many people infected with Zika won’t have symptoms or will only have mild symptoms. For this reason, if you travel to an area with risk of Zika, you can be infected with Zika and not know it. You can pass Zika to others through sex, even months after infection.
How long after being bitten do you get Zika symptoms?
As many as 4 out of 5 people infected with the Zika virus have no signs or symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they usually begin two to 14 days after a person is bitten by an infected mosquito.
What does a Zika bite look like?
If you get a Zika virus rash, it may appear within 3 to 12 days of a bite from an infected mosquito. The rash often starts on the trunk and spreads to the face, arms, legs, soles, and palms. The rash is a combination of tiny red bumps and reddish blotches.
What are two effects of having Zika?
The most common symptoms of Zika are fever, rash, headache, joint pain, red eyes, and muscle pain. Zika is spread mostly by the bite of an infected mosquito. Prevent Zika by avoiding mosquito bites. Zika can cause birth defects and is linked to Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Can you get tested for Zika after traveling?
Upon your return from travel, testing should take place as soon as possible. Testing will be done using a molecular test which looks for presence of the virus in the body. Serological testing is not recommended since antibodies against Zika persist for years and cross-react with other similar viruses, including dengue.
When does Zika virus go away?
Zika virus does not seem to pose a risk of birth defects for future pregnancies. As best researchers can tell, the virus clears itself from the body pretty quickly, remaining in the blood for only about a week after infection.
What happens if you get Zika while pregnant?
Zika is a virus that can cause serious problems during pregnancy. If you’re pregnant and infected with Zika virus, you can pass it to your baby. Zika infection during pregnancy causes a birth defect called microcephaly and other brain problems. It also may be linked to other serious problems for a baby.
How much does Zika testing cost?
Under guidance issued by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2016, every blood donation is individually tested for Zika genetic material, at a cost of roughly $10 per test.
Can you tell if baby has Zika from ultrasound?
Brain abnormalities associated with congenital Zika syndrome have been identified by ultrasound in the second and third trimesters in published case reports. CDC previously recommended serial ultrasounds every 3-4 weeks for women exposed during pregnancy with laboratory evidence of Zika virus infection.
What is a Zika baby?
Zika and Microcephaly Microcephaly is a birth defect in which a baby’s head is smaller than expected when compared to babies of the same sex and age. Babies with microcephaly often have smaller brains that might not have developed properly. Zika virus infection during pregnancy is a cause of microcephaly.
At what stage does Zika affect pregnancy?
Support our journalism. Subscribe today. Among women with confirmed Zika infection during the first trimester, 8 percent — nearly 1 in 12 — had a baby or fetus with Zika-related birth defects. For infections in the second trimester, 5 percent were affected, and in the third trimester, 4 percent, according to the CDC.