Which of the following are examples of research misconduct?

Research misconduct means fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results. (a) Fabrication is making up data or results and recording or reporting them.

Is research misconduct a crime?

Only serious cases of research misconduct should be considered as fraud and, hence, criminalized, i.e., merit criminal punishment such as fines or incarceration. All are serious cases and nothing but serious cases. Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism could be firm candidates to be considered as fraud.

How common is research misconduct?

QRPs occur much more frequently than serious misconduct. Estimates vary but studies suggest that between 10% and 50% of researchers have committed this type of misbehaviour. The following figure graphically approximates what is known about research behaviour. The following section provides some examples of QRPs.

What are ethical challenges?

Ethical dilemmas are situations in which there is a difficult choice to be made between two or more options, neither of which resolves the situation in a manner that is consistent with accepted ethical guidelines.

What is a legal duty of care?

Overview. Duty of Care is defined simply as a legal obligation to: always act in the best interest of individuals and others. not act or fail to act in a way that results in harm. act within your competence and not take on anything you do not believe you can safely do.

Is duty of care a legal obligation?

A duty of care is a legal obligation (that we all have) to take reasonable steps to not cause foreseeable harm to another person or their property.

How do you prove duty of care?

Under the Caparo test the claimant must establish:

That harm was reasonably foreseeable.
That there was a relationship of proximity.
That it is fair, just and reasonable to impose a duty of care.

How do you prove breach of duty of care?

Conduct expected of a reasonable person. In the usual case, having established that there is a duty of care, the claimant must prove that the defendant failed to do what the reasonable person (“reasonable professional”, “reasonable child”) would have done in the same situation.

Who has primary duty of care?

Everyone has a duty of care, a responsibility, to make sure that they and other people are safe in the workplace. If you are an employer, or PCBU, you have the main responsibility for the health and safety of everyone in your workplace, including visitors. This is your ‘primary duty of care’.

What is your duty of care as a care worker?

The principle of duty of care is that you have an obligation to avoid acts or omissions, which could be reasonably foreseen to injure of harm other people. This means that you must anticipate risks for your clients and take care to prevent them coming to harm.

Do all employers have a duty of care?

Employers have a duty of care to their employees, which means that they should take all steps which are reasonably possible to ensure their health, safety and wellbeing. Legally, employers must abide by relevant health & safety and employment law, as well as the common law duty of care.

What are four roles and responsibilities of HSRS?

Powers and functions of a HSR Investigating complaints from work group members. Representing members of your work group in work health and safety issues. Monitoring compliance by the ‘person conducting the business or undertaking’ (PCBU)

What are the responsibilities of a HSR?

Powers and functions of an HSR are to:

main role is to represent workers on health and safety issues with the workplace,
monitor the measures taken by the employer,
investigate the complaints from their work group members, and.
look into anything that might be a health and safety risk to the workers they represent.

Is HSR training mandatory?

HSR training is now mandatory under the Work Health and Safety (WHS) Act 2011 in Queensland only. Companies and organisations may elect health and safety representatives to represent the health and safety of the workers. There are several training requirements for training providers.

What is an OHS committee?

All workplaces should have a joint health and safety committee, established under Section 72 of the 2004 OHS Act. The Health and Safety Committee is the forum to look at wider workplace issues, such as development of policies, training programs, review of the maintenance schedule, employment of consultants, and so on.