What was the provenance or source of the document or artifact?
Answer. Provenance refers to the sources of information, such as entities and processes, involved in producing or delivering an artifact. What is the provenance of a source? Provenance is the term used for a source’s ‘background’ – its nature, origin and purpose.
What is provenance in Archaeology?
In archaeology and paleontology, the derived term provenience is used with a related but very particular meaning, to refer to the location (in modern research, recorded precisely in three dimensions) where an artifact or other ancient item was found. Provenance covers an object’s complete documented history.
What is the difference between provenance and provenience?
Provenance: The detailed history of where an artifact has been since its creation. Provenience: The precise location where an artifact or archaeological sample was recovered archaeologically.
What is provenance and why is it important?
Provenance establishes an item’s collectible significance beyond what it would otherwise appear to have. A piece with interesting provenance might tell a story of fortunes made and lost, famous owners, and remarkable epochs in history. Sometimes the provenance of a piece can be just as interesting as the piece itself!
What is a midden?
1 : dunghill. 2a : a refuse heap especially : kitchen midden. b : a small pile (as of seeds, bones, or leaves) gathered by a rodent (such as a pack rat)
What is a midden heap?
A midden (also kitchen midden or shell heap) is an old dump for domestic waste which may consist of animal bone, human excrement, botanical material, mollusc shells, potsherds, lithics (especially debitage), and other artifacts and ecofacts associated with past human occupation.
Where are middens found?
Middens are shell mounds built up over hundreds and often thousands of years as a result of countless meals of shellfish. They are found along ocean coasts, estuaries, rivers and inland lakes, and primarily contain mature specimens of edible shellfish species.
Why are middens so important?
Why are middens important? Freshwater shell middens provide valuable information about past Aboriginal economy and land use. They are one of the few sources of information about Aboriginal use of lakes, rivers and swamps. Although mussel shells are fragile, they often survive longer than animal bones and plant remains.
Why are middens used by historians?
Middens thus represent a blueprint for sustainable harvesting of coastal resources, but are also an archaeological treasure trove. Oyster and cockle shells are most commonly found in middens, as well as animal bones and charcoal. Some middens also contain artefacts and tools made from stone, bone or shell.
What is a kitchen midden?
: a refuse heap specifically : a mound marking the site of a primitive human habitation.
What is an ancient garbage dump called?
midden
What is a refuse heap?
Definitions of refuse heap. noun. an accumulation of refuse and discarded matter. synonyms: garbage heap, junk heap, junk pile, rubbish heap, scrapheap, trash heap, trash pile.
What city is built on garbage?
Take a walk along the Hudson River through Battery Park City and up 13th Avenue. You’ll see apartments, offices, warehouses and parks, not to mention the traffic up and down the West Side Highway. It’s also all built on garbage.
How did the Romans get rid of their waste?
The Romans had a complex system of sewers covered by stones, much like modern sewers. Waste flushed from the latrines flowed through a central channel into the main sewage system and thence into a nearby river or stream. The sewers were mainly for the removal of surface drainage and underground water.
What did Romans use instead of toilet paper?
The Romans did not have toilet paper. Instead they used a sponge on a stick to clean themselves.
Why did Romans kill babies?
Its main purposes were controlling population growth and saving resources from being spent on weak or disabled offspring. Unwanted infants were normally abandoned to die of exposure, but in some societies they were manually killed.
Did Romans drink water?
Roman soldiers did, of course, drink water. But historical records suggest that it wasn’t their beverage of choice. Water was what he drank on his campaigns, except that once in a while, in a raging thirst, he would call for vinegar, or when his strength was failing, would add a little wine.
Did the Romans brush their teeth?
As long ago as 3000 B.C., the ancient Egyptians constructed crude toothbrushes from twigs and leaves to clean their teeth. Similarly, other cultures such as the Greeks, Romans, Arabs and Indians cleaned their teeth with twigs.
Did the Romans invent the toilet?
And did the Romans really invent it as people are taught? It would be easy to think that the plumbing invented would be of the most basic kind, but in actuality, they built a complex system to carry away sewage and built the first flush toilets.
What did the Romans drink for breakfast?
Traditionally, a breakfast called ientaculum was served at dawn. At mid-day to early afternoon, Romans ate cena, the main meal of the day, and at nightfall a light supper called vesperna.
Which meal was the most important one for the ancient Romans?
Bread was an important part of the Roman diet, with more well-to-do people eating wheat bread and poorer people eating that made from barley. Fresh produce such as vegetables and legumes were important to Romans, as farming was a valued activity.
Did Romans drink olive oil?
The oil produced from olive trees in Spain’s Castellón Province was once consumed by Roman soldiers.
What Romans ate at dinner parties?
A Roman banquet would begin at around 5pm and include multiple courses. A typical menu might include cheese and salad as a starter, with a lot of meat or fish as the main course. Poultry, deer, rabbit or goat were popular, as were all kinds of fish and seafood.
What was a Cena?
In Ancient Roman culture, cena was the main meal of the day. It was a focal point of social life, along with the public baths, the frequenting of which often preceded the meal.
Did Romans use forks?
In the Roman Empire, bronze and silver forks were used, many surviving examples of which are displayed in museums around Europe. Use varied according to local customs, social class, and the type of food, but in earlier periods forks were mostly used as cooking and serving utensils.
How did Romans cook their food?
Instead of using gas or electric hobs, the Romans cooked their food over specially-made troughs, in which beds of flaming charcoal were placed.
Did Romans drink beer?
Though beer was drunk in Ancient Rome, it was replaced in popularity by wine. Tacitus wrote disparagingly of the beer brewed by the Germanic peoples of his day. The Romans called their brew cerevisia, from the Celtic word for it. Beer was apparently enjoyed by some Roman legionaries.