What is the Hellenistic period known for?
The Hellenistic period was characterized by a new wave of Greek colonization which established Greek cities and kingdoms in Asia and Africa. This resulted in the export of Greek culture and language to these new realms, spanning as far as modern-day India.
What are the major characteristics of Hellenistic culture?
The characteristics of the Hellenistic period include the division of Alexander’s empire, the spread of Greek culture and language, and the flourishing of the arts, science and philosophy.
Who are the Hellenists and Hebrews?
The Hebrews were Jewish Christians who spoke almost exclusively Aramaic, and the Hellenists were also Jewish Christians whose mother tongue was Greek. They were Greek-speaking Jews of the Diaspora, who returned to settle in Jerusalem.
How did the Phoenicians make a living?
The Phoenicians started out as coastal traders. In time, they became widely traveled merchant shippers who controlled the trade of the Mediterranean. They exchanged cedar logs, cloth, glass trinkets, and perfume for gold and other metals. Many Phoenician ships were traveling workshops.
What is a Septuagint?
Septuagint, abbreviation LXX, the earliest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament from the original Hebrew. The Septuagint was presumably made for the Jewish community in Egypt when Greek was the common language throughout the region.
What is the difference between the Septuagint and the Vulgate?
The Vulgate is usually credited as being the first translation of the Old Testament into Latin directly from the Hebrew Tanakh rather than from the Greek Septuagint. Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, 1 and 2 Maccabees and Baruch are included in the Vulgate, and are purely Vetus Latina translations which Jerome did not touch.
Which is older Septuagint or masoretic?
Although the consonants of the Masoretic Text differ little from some Qumran texts of the early 2nd century, it has many differences of both great and lesser significance when compared to the manuscripts of the Septuagint, a Greek translation (about 1000 years older than the MT from 3rd to 2nd centuries BCE) of a more …
Did Paul use the Septuagint?
As regards quoting the Old Testament, Paul cites recurrently, but not always the Septuagint (or possibly another Greek translation). Sometimes he (or perhaps someone else before him) clearly translates his text directly from the Hebrew. All in all, Paul does not read his Bible arbitrarily.
Why are the Dead Sea Scrolls important?
The texts have great historical, religious, and linguistic significance because they include the second-oldest known surviving manuscripts of works later included in the Hebrew Bible canon, along with deuterocanonical and extra-biblical manuscripts which preserve evidence of the diversity of religious thought in late …
What is the oldest biblical text ever found?
The Aleppo Codex (c. 920 CE) and Leningrad Codex (c. 1008 CE) were once the oldest known manuscripts of the Tanakh in Hebrew. In 1947 CE the finding of the Dead Sea scrolls at Qumran pushed the manuscript history of the Tanakh back a millennium from such codices.