Which compound is the least soluble in water?
alkane
How do you know if a organic compound is water soluble?
Small, polar organic compounds such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, amines, carboxylic acids, and a few phenols are soluble in water. Water-soluble compounds are tested with pH paper to see if they are acidic or basic. A pH of 4 or lower indicates a carboxylic acid. A pH of 8 or higher indicates an amine.
What is soluble in Naoh?
Water
Why are organic compounds not soluble in water?
Why is this? Because it is a very non-polar molecule, with only carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds. It is able to bond to itself very well through nonpolar van der Waals interactions, but it is not able to form significant attractive interactions with very polar solvent molecules like water.
Why does branching increase melting point?
Why? Going from “branched” to “highly branched” makes a molecule more compact and sphere-like. As the surface area of the molecule decreases (remember that spheres have the lowest surface area/volume ratio of any shape) they will become more compact and thus easier to pack. This explains the melting point phenomenon.
Why are alkanes not soluble in water?
Alkanes are not soluble in water, which is highly polar. The two substances do not meet the criterion of solubility, namely, that “like dissolves like.” Water molecules are too strongly attracted to one another by hydrogen bonds to allow nonpolar alkanes to slip between them and dissolve.
Are alcohol soluble in water?
Because alcohols form hydrogen bonds with water, they tend to be relatively soluble in water. The hydroxyl group is referred to as a hydrophilic (“water-loving”) group, because it forms hydrogen bonds with water and enhances the solubility of an alcohol in water.
Are alkanes heavier than water?
Alkanes are nonpolar molecules, since they contain only nonpolar carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds. They are therefore not soluble in water, and since they are generally less dense than water, they will float on water (e.g., oil slicks).
What are the first 10 alkanes?
Terms in this set (10)
- CH4. methane.
- C2H6. ethane.
- C3H8. propane.
- C4H10. butane.
- C5H12. pentane.
- C6H14. hexane.
- C7H16. heptane.
- C8H18. octane.
Are aldehydes soluble in water?
Aldehydes with fewer than about five carbon atoms are soluble in water; however, above this number, the hydrocarbon portion of their molecules makes them insoluble.