What are the three lines of defense in the immune system?
The human body has three primary lines of defense to fight against foreign invaders, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. The immune system’s three lines of defense include physical and chemical barriers, non-specific innate responses, and specific adaptive responses.
What are the 8 body defenses?
The first line of defence (or outside defence system) includes physical and chemical barriers that are always ready and prepared to defend the body from infection. These include your skin, tears, mucus, cilia, stomach acid, urine flow, ‘friendly’ bacteria and white blood cells called neutrophils.
What are the body normal defenses against infection?
Natural barriers and the immune system defend the body against organisms that can cause infection. (See also Lines of Defense.) Natural barriers include the skin, mucous membranes, tears, earwax, mucus, and stomach acid.
What are the four nonspecific body defenses?
Nonspecific defenses include anatomic barriers, inhibitors, phagocytosis, fever, inflammation, and IFN.
What are the two types of nonspecific defenses?
Nonspecific defenses include physical and chemical barriers, the inflammatory response, and interferons. Physical barriers include the intact skin and mucous membranes.
What four nonspecific defenses are caused by pathogens invading the body?
The four non-specific defenses of the body when it is invaded: the inflammatory response, the temperature response, protein complement system, and white blood cells.
What is the best defense against most viral diseases?
Warding off germs and infection
- Hand-washing. Often overlooked, hand-washing is one of the easiest and most effective ways to protect yourself from germs and most infections.
- Vaccines. Vaccination is your best line of defense for certain diseases.
- Medicines. Some medicines offer short-term protection from certain germs.
What are the specific defenses in the immune system?
The innate immune system provides this kind of nonspecific protection through a number of defense mechanisms, which include physical barriers such as the skin, chemical barriers such as antimicrobial proteins that harm or destroy invaders, and cells that attack foreign cells and body cells harbouring infectious agents.
What are the steps of the inflammatory response?
The response to ICH occurs in four distinct phases: (1) initial tissue damage and local activation of inflammatory factors, (2) inflammation-driven breakdown of the blood–brain barrier, (3) recruitment of circulating inflammatory cells and subsequent secondary immunopathology, and (4) engagement of tissue repair …
What are 2 types of specific immunity?
There are two types of acquired immunity: active immunity and passive immunity.