What is the function of ribosome in protein synthesis?
The ribosome is universally responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating the genetic code transcribed in mRNA into an amino acid sequence. Ribosomes use cellular accessory proteins, soluble transfer RNAs, and metabolic energy to accomplish the initiation, elongation, and termination of peptide synthesis.
Is the translation between mRNA and amino acids the same for all living things?
mRNA codons are read at a ribosome. tRNA molecules bring on anticodon and an amino acid to the ribosome. *The translation between mRNA and amino acids is the same for all living things.
Why are start and stop codons necessary for protein synthesis?
Start and stop codons are important because they tell the cell machinery where to begin and end translation, the process of making a protein. These are codons in a molecule of messenger RNA that do not code for an amino acid and thereby signal the termination of the synthesis of a protein.
What amino acids do the following codons code for CUG?
| Amino Acid | Coding DNA Strand Base Triplets Not Transcribed | Transfer RNA Anticodons Complementary To M-RNA Codons |
|---|---|---|
| asparagine | AAT, AAC | UUA, UUG |
| aspartic acid | GAT, GAC | CUA, CUG |
| cysteine | TGT, TGC | ACA, ACG |
| glutamic acid | GAA, GAG | CUU, CUC |
What is the complementary strand of mRNA?
Template strand is the DNA strand off which the mRNA is synthesized. The coding, or non-template, strand is the DNA strand complementary to the template strand; it has the same sequence (except for T for U substitutions) as the mRNA.
Which is the correct order of events in transcription?
Transcription occurs in the three steps—initiation, elongation, and termination—all shown here. Transcription takes place in three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.