What are the 3 definitions of health?
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Why do we need models of health?
model increases understanding of the relationship between stressors, coping and health. Why should we consider the wider determinants of health? As this diagram illustrates it is not just the physical and environmental conditions in which people live which affect their health.
What is the alternative model of health?
Complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) are treatments that fall outside of mainstream healthcare. These medicines and treatments range from acupuncture and homeopathy, to aromatherapy, meditation and colonic irrigation.
Who are the social determinants of health?
The World Health Organization (WHO) describes social determinants as ‘the circumstances in which people grow, live, work, and age, and the systems put in place to deal with illness. The conditions in which people live and die are, in turn, shaped by political, social, and economic forces’ (CSDH 2008).
What are the 12 social determinants of health who?
The following list provides examples of the social determinants of health, which can influence health equity in positive and negative ways:
- Income and social protection.
- Education.
- Unemployment and job insecurity.
- Working life conditions.
- Food insecurity.
- Housing, basic amenities and the environment.
What are the social determinants of health and why are they important?
They include factors like socioeconomic status, education, neighborhood and physical environment, employment, and social support networks, as well as access to health care (Figure 1). Addressing social determinants of health is important for improving health and reducing health disparities.
Why is it important to understand social determinants of health?
Social determinants have a major impact on health outcomes—especially for the most vulnerable populations. Factors such as a patient’s education, income level and environment must be considered when providing treatment and care.
Why is income the most important social determinant of health?
Income is perhaps the most important social determinant of health. Level of income shapes overall living conditions, affects psychological functioning and influences health-related behaviours such as quality of diet, extent of physical activity, smoking and excessive alcohol use.
What are the 6 social determinants of health?
Social determinants of health include aspects of the social environment (e.g., discrimination, income, education level, marital status), the physical environment (e.g., place of residence, crowding conditions, built environment [i.e., buildings, spaces, transportation systems, and products that are created or modified …
What type of drug is nicotine and how does it affect the body?
Nicotine is both a sedative and a stimulant. When a body is exposed to nicotine, the individual experiences a “kick.” This is partly caused by nicotine stimulating the adrenal glands, which results in the release of adrenaline. This surge of adrenaline stimulates the body.
What factors contribute to smoking?
Research has identified a range of factors that influence uptake and patterns of smoking, including:
- low income, poor housing and unemployment; (26)
- nicotine exposure during childhood; (27)
- financial pressure and stress; (28)
- anxiety and depression; (29)
- parental and peer example; (30)
What are the two kinds of secondhand smoke and where do they come from?
Secondhand smoke (SHS) is also called environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). It’s a mixture of 2 forms of smoke that come from burning tobacco: Mainstream smoke: The smoke exhaled by a smoker. Sidestream smoke: Smoke from the lighted end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar, or tobacco burning in a hookah.
How does smoking affect the community?
Tobacco products negatively impact and damage our environment. Cigarette butts are not just a nuisance, they are toxic waste. They contain chemicals that contaminate our waterways and ground soil and harm our wildlife. Discarded lit cigarettes can cause fires, which can damage homes and land.