What does it mean when a flow is fully developed?
Fully developed flow implies that the velocity profile does not change in the fluid flow direction hence the momentum also does not change in the flow direction. In such a case, the pressure in the flow direction will balance the shear stress near the wall.
Where does the maximum velocity occur in a flow through a circular tube?
The Maximum Velocity Occurs At The Midline Of The Annular …
What happens to the head loss when the velocity of flow in a circular pipe is doubled?
If the length of the pipe is doubled, the head loss will double. If the inside pipe diameter is doubled, the head loss will be reduced by half. If the flow rate is doubled, the head loss increases by a factor of four. With the exception of the Darcy friction factor, each of these terms can be easily measured.
What is the difference between laminar and turbulent flow?
Laminar flow or streamline flow in pipes (or tubes) occurs when a fluid flows in parallel layers, with no disruption between the layers. Turbulent flow is a flow regime characterized by chaotic property changes. This includes rapid variation of pressure and flow velocity in space and time.
What causes laminar flow to turbulent?
To address a subtlety in your question: laminar flow becomes turbulent with an increase in distance from the leading edge because the effect of fluid viscosity is progressive. The middle layer is then affected by viscous forces from the relative difference of the velocities of the two layers, inner and middle.
Can a turbulent flow be steady?
However, turbulent flow is always unsteady. Turbulence is an inherently unsteady process since it involves rapid variations of the thermo-fluid properties. Turbulent flows can, nevertheless, be statistically steady, in the sense that the mean flow features do not vary over time.
Can turbulent flow be uniform?
It is clear that the turbulent-flow velocity profiles are much more nearly uniform over most of the flow but show a much sharper change in velocity near the boundary, where by the no-slip condition the velocity has to go to zero.