What is the value of compressibility factor Z of a gas when I pressure is low II pressure is high?
i At very low pressure Z=1 and behave as ideal gas. ii At high pressure all gases have Z>1. iii At intermediate pressures most gases have Z<1.
What is compressibility factor Z how does Z affects gas pressure?
The compressibility factor (Z) is a useful thermodynamic property for modifying the ideal gas law to account for behavior of real gases. It is a measure of how much the thermodynamic properties of a real gas deviate from those expected of an ideal gas.
What happens when compressibility factor is less than 1?
The compressibility factor (Z) of real gas is usually less than 1 at low temperature and low pressure because. Solution : Z<1 means attraction forces are dominating ⇒a is considerable, b can be negligible at low temperature and low pressure.
How do you calculate Z compressibility factor?
Compressibility factor, usually defined as Z = pV/RT, is unity for an ideal gas.
Can the compressibility factor be greater than 1?
The relation between compressibility and volume of ideal and real gas is as follows: Z = VrealVideal . When the intermolecular repulsive forces are strong then the actual volume of the gas will be more than the volume of an ideal gas. The gas will have a compressibility factor greater than one.
How do you calculate reduced temperature?
The reduced temperature is simply the temperature of the gas divided by its critical temperature. Similarly, the reduced pressure is simply the pressure of the gas divided by its critical pressure, both temperature and pressure being in absolute units.
What is the formula of critical temperature?
Solution: TC = 647 K, PC = 22.09 Mpa = 22.09 × 103 kPa, VC = 0.0566 dm3 mol-1. Therefore, Van der Waals constant, b = VC/3 = (0.0566 dm3 mol-1)/3 = 0.0189 dm3 mol-1. From the critical constants formula of real gas, a = 3 PC VC2 = 3 (22.09 × 103) × (0.0566)2 = 213.3 kPa mol-2.
How do you calculate decreased pressure?
The reduced pressure is defined as its actual pressure divided by its critical pressure.
What is meant by critical temperature?
The critical temperature of a substance is the temperature at and above which vapor of the substance cannot be liquefied, no matter how much pressure is applied.
What is the critical temperature on a phase diagram?
In thermodynamics, a critical point (or critical state) is the end point of a phase equilibrium curve. The most prominent example is the liquid–vapor critical point, the end point of the pressure–temperature curve that designates conditions under which a liquid and its vapor can coexist.
What are the critical temperature and pressure for co2?
More specifically, it behaves as a supercritical fluid above its critical temperature (304.13 K, 31.0 °C, 87.8 °F) and critical pressure (7.3773 MPa, 72.8 atm, 1,070 psi, 73.8 bar), expanding to fill its container like a gas but with a density like that of a liquid.
What happens to vapor pressure as temperature increases?
As the temperature of a liquid increases, the kinetic energy of its molecules also increases and as the kinetic energy of the molecules increases, the number of molecules transitioning into a vapor also increases, thereby increasing the vapor pressure.
Which of the following does not decrease with rise in temperature?
With the rise in temperature, which of the following forces can never increase. Solution : With the rise in temperature, only viscosity of gases increases whereas force of surface tension decreases, elastic force decreases. Solid friction does not depend on temperature.
Who decreases the rate of evaporation?
Answer. Humidity decrease the rate of evaporation. Temperature, wind and surface are factors that increase it’s rate.
Why does Physisorption decrease with increase in temperature?
As the surface area of adsorbent increases, the rate of this process increases. Extent of physisorption is more in finely divided metal particles or in porous materials. This is an exothermic process that means heat is evolved in this process. So, the rate of physisorption decreases with increase in temperature.
Why does resistance decrease with temperature?
The resistance of a metal conductor is due to collisions between the free electrons of the electric current and the metal ions of the wire. If the temperature of a metal conductor increases, the ions of the metal vibrate more vigorously. The resistance of an NTC thermistor decreases with increasing temperature.
What is the effect of temperature on resistance?
When we increases the temperature the amplitude of vibration of atoms increases as result of which the number of collision among the electrons and atom increases, and hence resistances increases.
What is the relationship between temperature and resistance for a thermistor?
With an NTC thermistor, when the temperature increases, resistance decreases. Conversely, when temperature decreases, resistance increases.
What is the relationship between resistance and temperature?
As temperature rises, the number of phonons increases and with it the likelihood that the electrons and phonons will collide. Thus when temperature goes up, resistance goes up. For some materials, resistivity is a linear function of temperature. The resistivity of a conductor increases with temperature.
Does resistance depend on temperature?
Since the resistance of some conductor, such as a piece of wire, depends on collisions within the wire itself, the resistance depends on temperature. With increasing temperature, the resistance of the wire increases as collisions within the wire increase and “slow” the flow of current.
Does resistivity depend on length?
The resistivity of a material is the resistance of a wire of that material of unit length and unit cross-sectional area. The resistivity of a material depends on its nature and the temperature of the conductor, but not on its shape and size.
What is the relationship between length and resistance?
Resistance is directly proportional to the length. This means that any change in length of the material will change its value of resistance.
What happens to the resistance if the length is doubled?
What happens to resistance when length is doubled? From the equation, we understand that resistance is directly proportional to the length of the conductor and inversely proportional to the crossectional area of the conductor. Doubling the length doubles the resistance.
What are the three main factors that affect the resistance of an object?
There are several factors that affect the resistance of a conductor;
- material, eg copper, has lower resistance than steel.
- length – longer wires have greater resistance.
- thickness – smaller diameter wires have greater resistance.
- temperature – heating a wire increases its resistance.
Why is length directly proportional to resistance?
As the length increases, the number of collisions by the moving free electrons with the fixed positive ions increases as more number of fixed positive ions are present in an increased length of the conductor. As a result, resistance increases.
Is length directly proportional to resistance?
The resistance of a wire is directly proportional to its length and inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area. The resistance of a conductor, or circuit element, generally increases with increasing temperature.
What 4 things does the resistance of a wire depend on?
The resistance depends on the length of the wire, material, thickness, and temperature.
Why does resistance increase length?
When electrons start to move, they get scattered from the nuclei present in the material which is the wire made from. This process creates the resistance. Thus, when the length of the wire increases, the amount of particles scattered from the nuclei increases which also increases the resistance.