What is critical depth in open channel flow?
The concept of critical depth is conventionally defined in open-channel hydraulics (Chow 1959; Montes 1998; Chanson 2004) as the depth at which the specific energy reaches a minimum value, considering the mean specific energy Hm within the whole flow section in flows with parallel streamlines.
How is alternate depth calculated?
The depths of flow can be either PR = y1 or PR` = y`1. These two possible depths having the same specific energy are known as alternate depths. In Fig. (5.1), a line (OS) drawn such that E = y (i.e. at 450 to the abscissa) is the asymptote of the upper limb of the specific energy curve.
What is specific force in open channel?
Specific force is defined as the non-gravitational force per unit mass. For free bodies, the specific force is the cause of, and a measure of, the body’s proper acceleration. The g-force acceleration is the same as the specific force.
What is it called when the hydraulic jump is in a moving form?
positive surge
How do you calculate the hydraulic radius of a pipe?
Rh is the hydraulic radius = A/P. P is the wetted perimeter of the cross-sectional area of flow in ft. *You may recall that uniform open channel flow (which is required for use of the Manning equation) occurs for a constant flow rate of water through a channel with constant slope, size and shape, and roughness.
What is the hydraulic depth of rectangular section?
The section factor and hydraulic depth for a rectangular channel are 40m and 4m respectively.
How do you calculate hydraulic diameter?
Calculation of Hydraulic Diameter The hydraulic diameter is calculated as 4 times the flow area divided by the wetted perimeter of the conduit./span>
What is equivalent pipe diameter?
The equivalent diameter is the diameter of a circular duct or pipe that for equal flow gives the same pressure loss or resistance as an equivalent rectangular duct or pipe. A round shape results in lower pressure drops and less fan horsepower to move the air and, consequently, smaller equipment.
What is hydraulic diameter how is it defined?
Hydraulic diameter (Dh) is defined as:Dh=4A/pwhere A is the cross-sectional area and p is the wetted perimeter of the cross section.
What do you mean by hydraulic diameter and its impact on heat exchanger?
The hydraulic diameter, Dh, is a commonly used term when handling flow in non-circular tubes and channels. The hydraulic diameter transforms non-circular ducts into pipes of equivalent diameter. Using this term, one can calculate many things in the same way as for a round tube./span>