What is a bias?
Bias is a disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea or thing, usually in a way that is closed-minded, prejudicial, or unfair Biases can be innate or learned People may develop biases for or against an individual, a group, or a belief In science and engineering, a bias is a systematic error
What is the meaning of bias in electronics?
Overview In electronics, bias usually refers to a fixed DC voltage or current applied to a terminal of an electronic component such as a diode, transistor or vacuum tube in a circuit in which AC signals are also present, in order to establish proper operating conditions for the component
What are the biasing techniques?
The following discussion treats five common biasing circuits used with class-A bipolar transistor amplifiers:
- Fixed bias
- Collector-to-base bias
- Fixed bias with emitter resistor
- Voltage divider bias or potential divider
- Emitter bias
What is meant by load line?
In graphical analysis of nonlinear electronic circuits, a load line is a line drawn on the characteristic curve, a graph of the current vs the voltage in a nonlinear device like a diode or transistor It represents the constraint put on the voltage and current in the nonlinear device by the external circuit
What causes DC offset?
In audio recording, a DC offset is an undesirable characteristic It occurs in the capturing of sound, before it reaches the recorder, and is normally caused by defective or low-quality equipment It results in an offset of the center of the recording waveform that can cause two main problems
What is meant by DC offset voltage?
The input offset voltage ( ) is a parameter defining the differential DC voltage required between the inputs of an amplifier, especially an operational amplifier (op-amp), to make the output zero (for voltage amplifiers, 0 volts with respect to ground or between differential outputs, depending on the output type)
What is the purpose of load line?
The purpose of the load line is to ensure that a ship has sufficient freeboard (the height from the waterline to the main deck) and thus sufficient reserve buoyancy (volume of ship above the waterline) It should also ensure adequate stability and avoid excessive stress on the ship’s hull as a result of overloading১৬ জানু, ২০১৩
What do you mean by operating point?
The operating point is a specific point within the operation characteristic of a technical device This point will be engaged because of the properties of the system and the outside influences and parameters In electronic engineering establishing an operating point is called biasing
What is the point of a transistor?
A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power Transistors are one of the basic building blocks of modern electronics It is composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit
What is meant by faithful amplification?
In electronics, faithful amplification is the amplification of a signal, particularly a weak one, by a triode or a transistor such that the signal changes in amplitude but not in shape In order to achieve this with a bipolar transistor, the transistor is biased
What is meant by amplifier?
An amplifier is a circuit that has a power gain greater than one An amplifier can either be a separate piece of equipment or an electrical circuit contained within another device Amplification is fundamental to modern electronics, and amplifiers are widely used in almost all electronic equipment
What does a power amplifier do?
An audio power amplifier (or power amp) is an electronic amplifier that amplifies low-power electronic audio signals such as the signal from radio receiver or electric guitar pickup to a level that is high enough for driving loudspeakers or headphones
What is amplifier gain?
In electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit (often an amplifier) to increase the power or amplitude of a signal from the input to the output port by adding energy converted from some power supply to the signal It is often expressed using the logarithmic decibel (dB) units (“dB gain”)
What is meant by oscillator?
An electronic oscillator is an electronic circuit that produces a periodic, oscillating electronic signal, often a sine wave or a square wave or a triangle wave Oscillators convert direct current (DC) from a power supply to an alternating current (AC) signal
How does a local oscillator work?
In electronics, a local oscillator (LO) is an electronic oscillator used with a mixer to change the frequency of a signal This frequency conversion process, also called heterodyning, produces the sum and difference frequencies from the frequency of the local oscillator and frequency of the input signal
What is loop gain in oscillator?
In electronics and control system theory, loop gain is the sum of the gain, expressed as a ratio or in decibels, around a feedback loop In a feedback loop, the output of a device, process or plant is sampled and applied to alter the input, to better control the output
What is a frequency oscillator?
A variable frequency oscillator (VFO) in electronics is an oscillator whose frequency can be tuned (ie, varied) over some range It is a necessary component in any tunable radio transmitter or receiver that works by the superheterodyne principle, and controls the frequency to which the apparatus is tuned
What is the unit of frequency?
Hertz
How does a voltage controlled oscillator work?
A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is an electronic oscillator whose oscillation frequency is controlled by a voltage input The applied input voltage determines the instantaneous oscillation frequency A VCO is also an integral part of a phase-locked loop
What is meant by Barkhausen criteria?
In electronics, the Barkhausen stability criterion is a mathematical condition to determine when a linear electronic circuit will oscillate It is widely used in the design of electronic oscillators, and also in the design of general negative feedback circuits such as op amps, to prevent them from oscillating
What is RC phase shift oscillator?
A phase-shift oscillator is a linear electronic oscillator circuit that produces a sine wave output It consists of an inverting amplifier element such as a transistor or op amp with its output fed back to its input through a phase-shift network consisting of resistors and capacitors in a ladder network