Where can we find the brain in the human body?
The brain is contained in, and protected by, the skull bones of the head. The cerebrum, the largest part of the human brain, consists of two cerebral hemispheres.
What part of the brain controls taste?
The primary gustatory cortex is a brain structure responsible for the perception of taste. It consists of two substructures: the anterior insula on the insular lobe and the frontal operculum on the inferior frontal gyrus of the frontal lobe.
What is responsible taste?
The gustatory system or sense of taste is the sensory system that is partially responsible for the perception of taste (flavor). Humans have taste receptors on taste buds and other areas including the upper surface of the tongue and the epiglottis. The gustatory cortex is responsible for the perception of taste.
How many sensory neurons are found in each taste bud?
The taste receptor cells send information detected by clusters of various receptors and ion channels to the gustatory areas of the brain via the seventh, ninth and tenth cranial nerves. On average, the human tongue has 2,000–8,000 taste buds….Taste bud.
| Taste buds | |
|---|---|
| FMA | 54825 |
| Anatomical terms of microanatomy | |
What is the function of the insula of the brain?
It plays a role in a variety of homeostatic functions related to basic survival needs, such as taste, visceral sensation, and autonomic control. The insula controls autonomic functions through the regulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. It has a role in regulating the immune system.
What is the white matter of the cerebellum called?
The cerebellum is structured in a similar manner as the cerebrum, with a superficial mantle of cerebellar cortex, deep cerebellar white matter (called the “arbor vitae”) and aggregates of grey matter surrounded by deep cerebellar white matter (dentate nucleus, globose nucleus, emboliform nucleus, and fastigial nucleus) …
What is the claustrum in the brain?
The claustrum (Latin, meaning “to close” or “to shut”) is a thin, bilateral structure, a collection of neurons and supporting glial cells, that connects to cortical (e.g., the pre-frontal cortex) and subcortical regions (e.g., the thalamus) of the brain.
Is the brain stem part of the cerebrum?
The brainstem (or brain stem) is the posterior stalk-like part of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord. In the human brain the brainstem is composed of the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. Ten pairs of cranial nerves come from the brainstem.
What part of the brain deals with hearing?
The auditory cortex is the part of the temporal lobe that processes auditory information in humans and many other vertebrates. It is a part of the auditory system, performing basic and higher functions in hearing, such as possible relations to language switching.
What is the cerebral cortex also called?
61830. Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy. The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals.
What is spinal cord and its function?
The spinal cord functions primarily in the transmission of nerve signals from the motor cortex to the body, and from the afferent fibers of the sensory neurons to the sensory cortex. It is also a center for coordinating many reflexes and contains reflex arcs that can independently control reflexes.
What is the ventral cord?
The ventral nerve cord (VNC) is a major structure of the invertebrate central nervous system. It is the functional equivalent of the vertebrate spinal cord. The VNC coordinates neural signaling from the brain to the body and vice versa, integrating sensory input and locomotor output.
What runs through the spinal cord’s central canal?
The central canal carries cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which it receives from the ventricular system of the brain. The central canal helps to transport nutrients to the spinal cord as well as protect it by cushioning the impact of a force when the spine is affected.
Where does the Conus Medullaris start?
The lowermost tapering extremity of the spinal cord is called the conus medullaris, which is around the first or second lumbar vertebra and can sometimes be lower.
What is Conus Syndrome?
Conus medullaris syndrome is a collection of signs and symptoms associated with injury to the conus medullaris. It typically causes back pain and bowel and bladder dysfunction, spastic or flaccid weakness depending on the level of the lesion, and bilateral sensory loss.
What are Denticulate ligaments made of?
Each denticulate ligament is composed of a single narrow fibrous strip that extends from the craniovertebral junction to T12. Each ligament features 18-20 triangular extensions that attach to the dura at their apices.
What is the cauda equina made up of?
The cauda equina (from Latin horse’s tail) is a bundle of spinal nerves and spinal nerve rootlets, consisting of the second through fifth lumbar nerve pairs, the first through fifth sacral nerve pairs, and the coccygeal nerve, all of which arise from the lumbar enlargement and the conus medullaris of the spinal cord.
Which enlargement controls nerves in the lower back?
lumbar enlargement
What is the terminal Filum?
The filum terminale (“terminal thread”) is a delicate strand of fibrous tissue, about 20 cm in length, proceeding downward from the apex of the conus medullaris. It is one of the modifications of pia mater.
What is the best description of the dura mater?
Dura mater is a thick membrane made of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. It is the outermost of the three layers of membrane called the meninges that protect the central nervous system. The other two meningeal layers are the arachnoid mater and the pia mater.
Which of the following contains the cerebrospinal fluid?
The cerebrospinal fluid circulates in the subarachnoid space around the brain and spinal cord, and in the ventricles of the brain. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless body fluid found within the tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord of all vertebrates.
What is found in subdural space?
Anatomical terminology. The subdural space (or subdural cavity) is a potential space that can be opened by the separation of the arachnoid mater from the dura mater as the result of trauma, pathologic process, or the absence of cerebrospinal fluid as seen in a cadaver.
What does arachnoid mater mean?
The arachnoid mater is one of the three meninges, the protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. The arachnoid mater is a derivative of the neural crest mesectoderm in the embryo.