What does chalice mean?
1 : a drinking cup : goblet especially : the eucharistic cup.
What is the meaning of Calyces?
1 : the usually green outer whorl of a flower consisting of separate or fused sepals. 2 : a cuplike division of the renal pelvis surrounding one or more renal papillae.
What are the 4 types of kidney stones?
There are four main types of kidney stones.
- Calcium stones. Most kidney stones are made of calcium compounds, especially calcium oxalate.
- Uric acid stones. Some kidney stones are made of uric acid, a waste product normally passed out of the body in the urine.
- Struvite stones. Some kidney stones are struvite stones.
What is the meaning of gynoecium?
The gynoecium is the innermost whorl of a flower; it consists of (one or more) pistils and is typically surrounded by the pollen-producing reproductive organs, the stamens, collectively called the androecium.
What is Calyx in human body?
284558. Anatomical terminology. The renal calyces are chambers of the kidney through which urine passes. The minor calyces surround the apex of the renal pyramids.
What part of the body would you find a major calyx?
human kidney
What are the major Calyces?
major calyx – Any of the cuplike collection chambers for receiving urine flowing through the minor calyces in the renal medulla of the kidney; their walls consist of a mucosal lining of transitional epithelium, a submucosa of loose fibrous connective tissue, a muscularis for persistalsis, and an adventitia; they merge …
What is the function of the major Calyx?
A minor calyx surrounds the renal papillae of each pyramid and collects urine from that pyramid. Several minor calyces converge to form a major calyx. From the major calyces, the urine flows into the renal pelvis; and from there, it flows into the ureter.
Which area is sensitive to the hormone ADH?
In the kidneys the receptors for ADH are found on the nephrons; the microscopic functional units of the kidneys. The parts of the nephron where the receptors are specifically located are on the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and collecting duct (CD).
What happens if a kidney stone goes untreated?
Kidney stones are usually found in the kidneys or in the ureter, the tube that connects the kidneys to your bladder. They can be extremely painful, and can lead to kidney infections or the kidney not working properly if left untreated.
How many major Calyces are in each kidney?
Each kidney consists of about 7 pairs of calyces. They are ventral and dorsal. These calyces drain into two or three infundibula (major calyces) which drain into a funnel shaped renal pelvis. The infundibula are formed by the union of minor calyces.
What are the 3 regions that make up a kidney?
The kidney is made up of three different regions internally: the outer cortex, the middle medulla (with the renal pyramids) and the inner-most renal pelvis.
What should not be found in filtrate?
Blood proteins and blood cells are too large to pass through the filtration membrane and should not be found in filtrate.
How is the proximal convoluted tubule different from the distal convoluted tubule quizlet?
-The proximal convoluted tubule empties directly into the collecting duct, just like the distal convoluted tubule. Water reabsorption is always obligatory in the proximal convoluted tubule but not in the distal convoluted tubule.
What is the Trigone?
There is a triangular area, called the trigone, formed by three openings in the floor of the urinary bladder. The third opening, at the apex of the trigone, is the opening into the urethra. A band of the detrusor muscle encircles this opening to form the internal urethral sphincter.
When ADH levels increase what happens to urine?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is a chemical produced in the brain that causes the kidneys to release less water, decreasing the amount of urine produced. A high ADH level causes the body to produce less urine. A low level results in greater urine production.
What happens to ADH when you drink a lot of water?
More ADH will be released, which results in water being reabsorbed and small volume of concentrated urine will be produced. If a person has consumed a large volume of water and has not lost much water by sweating, then too much water might be detected in the blood plasma by the hypothalamus.
What happens when you have too much ADH?
Excess ADH. When there’s too much ADH in your blood, syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH) may be the cause. If the condition is acute, you may have a headache, nausea, or vomiting. In severe cases, coma and convulsions can occur.
WHO releases ADH?
ADH is produced by the hypothalamus in the brain and stored in the posterior pituitary gland at the base of the brain. ADH is normally released by the pituitary in response to sensors that detect an increase in blood osmolality (number of dissolved particles in the blood) or decrease in blood volume.
Is ADH released when you are dehydrated?
The person should (and normally does) respond by drinking water. The hypothalamus of a dehydrated person also releases antidiuretic hormone (ADH) through the posterior pituitary gland. ADH signals the kidneys to recover water from urine, effectively diluting the blood plasma.
How is ADH stimulated?
Secretion of antidiuretic hormone is also stimulated by decreases in blood pressure and volume, conditions sensed by stretch receptors in the heart and large arteries. Changes in blood pressure and volume are not nearly as sensitive a stimulator as increased osmolarity, but are nonetheless potent in severe conditions.
How do you reduce ADH levels?
Some medications can reduce the amount of ADH in the body. These include lithium, phenytoin, and ethanol.
What causes oxytocin?
Oxytocin is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and secreted by the pituitary gland. This important hormone plays a crucial role in the childbirth process and also helps with male reproduction.
What produces oxytocin?
Oxytocin is produced in the hypothalamus and is secreted into the bloodstream by the posterior pituitary gland. Secretion depends on electrical activity of neurons in the hypothalamus – it is released into the blood when these cells are excited.
What is a normal ADH level?
Normal values for ADH can range from 1 to 5 pg/mL (0.9 to 4.6 pmol/L). Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or may test different specimens.