How does cellular respiration produce energy?
Cellular respiration releases stored energy in glucose molecules and converts it into a form of energy that can be used by cells. Energy released during the reaction is captured by the energy-carrying molecule ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
What happens to the energy released during cellular respiration?
Through the process of cellular respiration, the energy in food is converted into energy that can be used by the body’s cells. During cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen are converted into carbon dioxide and water, and the energy is transferred to ATP.
What is the main source of energy for cellular respiration?
glucose molecule
What happens to the oxygen that is used in cellular respiration?
During this process, energy is converted from glucose, in the presence of oxygen, into numerous ATP molecules. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain in the final step of cellular respiration. Oxygen combines with electrons and hydrogen ions to produce water.
What is absence of oxygen?
One occurs in the presence of oxygen (aerobic), and one occurs in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic). Both begin with glycolysis – the splitting of glucose. Cellular respiration that proceeds without oxygen is called anaerobic respiration.
How is ATP produced in the absence of oxygen?
Without oxygen, some human cells must use fermentation to produce ATP, and this process produces only two molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose. Although fermentation produces less ATP, it has the advantage of doing so very quickly.
What process allows glycolysis to continue in the absence of oxygen?
Fermentation
Is oxygen needed for ATP production?
In aerobic respiration, oxygen is required. Oxygen as a high-energy molecule increases ATP production from 4 ATP molecules to about 30 ATP molecules. In anaerobic respiration, oxygen is not required. When oxygen is absent, the generation of ATP continues through fermentation.
How do we produce ATP?
Most of the ATP in cells is produced by the enzyme ATP synthase, which converts ADP and phosphate to ATP. In eukaryotic cells the latter two processes occur within mitochondria. Electrons that are passed through the electron transport chain ultimately generate free energy capable of driving the phosphorylation of ADP.