What group of people have direct influence on our socialization?
People that include parents, siblings, relatives, and others who have a direct influence on our socialization. Idea that each individual is born without a personality. As we grow older, significant others become more important. The unsocialized, spontaneous, self-interested component of personality and self-identity.
Which theory refers to the interactive process by which we develop an image of ourselves based on how we imagine we appear to others?
Chapter 5 Socialization
| A | B |
|---|---|
| Looking-glass self | the interactive process by which we develop an image of ourselves based on how we imagine we appear to others. |
| Role-Taking | not only to see ourselves as others see us but actually take on or pretend to take the roles of others. |
What is the interactive process through which people learn the basic skills values beliefs and behavior patterns of a society?
Socialization is the interactive process through which people learn the basic skills, values, beliefs, and behavior patterns of a society. There are many theories of how individuals gain a self, or distinct identity that separates you from other members of society.
What is taking or pretending to take the role of others?
Mead: Role-taking is taking or pretending to take the role of others. Significant others are specific people, such as parents, brothers, sisters, and other relatives, who have a direct influence on our socialization.
What are three theories of socialization?
To understand this topic, he developed a theory of moral development that includes three levels: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional.
What is Freud’s theory of socialization?
The physician and creator of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud, devised a theory of personality development that states that biological instincts and societal influences shape the way a person becomes as an adult. The ego helps a person make rational decisions that comply with the rules of society.
What is cognitive methods of socialization?
The cognitive method, is the last method of socialization. This method is when a parent teaches a child about socialization and the parent has to give the child the knowledge of how to socialize. A parent teaches a child how to think about their actions.
What is observational methods of socialization?
In psychology, this is referred to as observational learning. Observational learning is sometimes called shaping, modeling, and vicarious reinforcement. While it can take place at any point in life, it tends to be the most common during childhood. It also plays an important role in the socialization process.
What is operant methods of socialization?
Operant. Punishment of physical or psychological means or the temporary removal of pleasant stimuli. The sociocultural expectations can influence behavior by using group pressure, tradition, rituals, routines, and symbols. Positive or negative reinforcements.
What are the principles of observational learning?
Observational learning is a major component of Bandura’s social learning theory. He also emphasized that four conditions were necessary in any form of observing and modeling behavior: attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation.
What is an influence on behavior?
Situational and Dispositional Influences on Behavior Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others.
How does teacher behavior affect students?
A teacher’s influence, ideas and expectations of his or her students’ capabilities have an effect on student academic performance and achievements. When students are viewed in a negative way by their teachers such as, being lazy, unmotivated and having no abilities, they take on those beliefs about themselves.
What are the causes of misbehavior?
- Hunger, anger, lonely/bored, tired or sickness.
- Don’t understand the rules.
- Lack of experience.
- Misbehavior was accidently rewarded.
- Testing the rules.
- Copying others.
- Showing independence.