What is pilocarpine used for in dogs?

What is pilocarpine used for in dogs?

Pilocarpine (brand name: Isopto-Carpine®, Pilocar®, Ocu-carpine®, Ocusert Pilo®, Pilopine-HS®, Minims Pilocarpine®) is an eye medication used to treat neurogenic keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye caused by a nerve problem). It can also be used to diagnose problems with cranial nerve III.

What is pilocarpine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution used for?

Pilocarpine ophthalmic (for the eyes) is used to treat glaucoma or ocular hypertension (high pressure inside the eye).

What does pilocarpine do to the pupil?

This medication may also be used during certain eye surgeries and to reverse the effects of drugs used to enlarge the pupil (e.g., during an eye exam). Pilocarpine works by causing the pupil of the eye to shrink and decreasing the amount of fluid within the eye.

How long does it take for pilocarpine drops to work?

Onset of miosis after topical administration of a 1% solution of pilocarpine hydrochloride or nitrate to the conjunctival sac occurs within 10-30 minutes, with maximal effect within 30 minutes.

When do you take pilocarpine eye drops?

The gel is usually applied once daily at bedtime. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Use pilocarpine eye drops and eye gel exactly as directed.

How does pilocarpine affect heart rate?

Pilocarpine stimulates vagal endings whatever their function and has in consequence a negative chronotrope and a negative inotrope effect. Atropine paralyses vagal endings and hence entirely antagonizes the heart actions of pilocarpine.

What are the side effects of pilocarpine?

What side effects can this medication cause?

• sweating.
• nausea.
• runny nose.
• diarrhea.
• chills.
• flushing.
• frequent urination.
• dizziness.

Can pilocarpine raise blood pressure?

Pilocarpine may have paradoxical effects on the cardiovascular system. The expected effect of a muscarinic agonist is vasodepression, but administration of Pilocarpine may produce hypertension after a brief episode of hypotension. Bradycardia and tachycardia have both been reported with use of Pilocarpine.

Does pilocarpine increase blood pressure?

Pilocarpine strongly increases arterial pressure which activates baroreceptors, thereby enhancing the activity of NTS and CVLM neurons, before the release of inhibitory signals in the RVLM trying to reduce sympathetic activation.

Does pilocarpine cause low blood pressure?

nausea, vomiting, slow or increased heart rate, and high or low blood pressure.

How long can you take pilocarpine for?

Pilocarpine dosing information -Single doses should not exceed 10 mg. -At least 12 weeks of continued treatment may be necessary to assess whether treatment will produce a beneficial response.

What is the antidote for pilocarpine?

For patients demonstrating severe poisoning, atropine, the pharmacologic antagonist to pilocarpine, should be used.

How is pilocarpine poisoning treated?

Our patient was treated with a small dose of intravenous atropine (0.5 mg) for symptomatic relief. Atropine is a non-selective central and peripheral muscarinic antagonist. The small dose was used to balance the relief of her moderate symptoms with the risk of anticholinergic side effects including dry mouth.

Can pilocarpine cause kidney problems?

Iritis (inflammation of the iris [colored part] of the eye) or. Kidney problems or. Mental problems or. Peptic ulcer disease, acute—Pilocarpine may make the condition worse.

Is there another name for pilocarpine?

Pilocarpine is available under several trade names such as: Diocarpine (Dioptic), Isopto Carpine (Alcon), Miocarpine (CIBA Vision), Ocusert Pilo-20 and -40 (Alza), Pilopine HS (Alcon), Salagen (MGI Pharma), Scheinpharm Pilocarpine (Schein Pharmaceutical), and Timpilo (Merck Frosst).

Can you use pilocarpine long term?

A recent multi-center study in SS patients suggests that oral pilocarpine is effective and safe for long-term administration.

Is there a generic drug for pilocarpine?

Salagen (pilocarpine hydrochloride) is a cholinergic agonist that increases saliva secretion in the mouth used in the treatment of dry mouth. Salagen is available in generic form.

Does pilocarpine help dry eyes?

Conclusions: : Oral pilocarpine is effective in improving the symptoms of patients with both aqueous-deficient dry eye and evaporative dry eye, and is safe for clinical use in Ophthalmology.

Does pilocarpine help with dry skin?

In conclusion, the administration of 5-mg pilocarpine tablets 4 times daily (20 mg/d in divided doses) produced significant benefits for the symptomatic treatment of dryness associated with SS that clearly outweighed adverse effects and risks in this 12-week study.

How safe is pilocarpine?

No serious adverse events or laboratory examination abnormalities correlated with pilocarpine administration were found. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that orally administered pilocarpine is safe and effective for treating xerostomia in juvenile-onset SS patients.