Which adaptations allow reptiles to complete their life cycles on land?
One of the key adaptations that permitted reptiles to live on land was the development of their scaly skin which contains the protein keratin and waxy lipids, reducing water loss from the skin. Due to this occlusive skin, reptiles cannot use their skin for respiration, as do amphibians; all breathe with lungs.
Which of the following is best candidates for closest living relatives of tetrapods?
Lungfish (T1) or coelacanth (T2) are alternatively the closest relatives of tetrapods, or lungfish and coelacanth form a clade that is equally close to tetrapods (T3).
Which one of the following is not a characteristic of modern birds?
Ectothermic (cold-blooded) is not the characteristic of Aves. They are endothermic animals, as they can maintain their body temperature. They are warm-blooded.
How do lampreys differ from all other living vertebrates?
They do not have pharyngeal gill slits at any stage of development. They have an endoskeleton. They lack both jaws and paired appendages. They do not have a lung or lung derivative such as the swim bladder.
Do lampreys have backbones?
The only other extant jawless fish is the lamprey, another eel-like animal that distinguishes itself from the hagfish by having vertebrae. Despite having a partial cranial skull, hagfish lack backbones and cannot be classified as true vertebrates.
Do lampreys have eyes?
Lampreys are the only extant vertebrate to have four eyes.
How do you fish a sea lamprey?
The primary method to control sea lampreys is the application of the lampricide TFM to target sea lamprey larvae in their nursery tributaries. In the concentrations used, TFM kills larvae before they develop lethal mouths and migrate to the lakes to feed on fish, while most other organisms are unaffected by TFM.
How does a lamprey trap work?
Juvenile traps typically consist of nets or other removable devices that are placed in tributaries when juveniles are migrating. Trapping juveniles removes sea lampreys during the part of their life cycle that immediately precedes their lethal, predatory stage.
What is a sea lamprey barrier?
Barriers to sea lamprey migration are physical structures placed in tributaries that block access of adult sea lampreys to spawning habitat. The commission has built approximately 50 barriers since, all serving to limit adult access to spawning habitat, the extent of infestation, and the need for lampricide treatment.
What was the most successful control measure for sea lamprey populations?
The most significant and effective form of control has been the treatment of streams and deltas with lampricides – TFM in tributaries and Bayluscide on deltas. The lampricides target the larval sea lamprey, killing them before they can transform into their parasitic adult form.
What actions are being taken to stop the spread of the sea lamprey?
Barriers have been constructed to block the upstream migration of spawning-phase sea lampreys. Most barriers allow jumping fish to pass with minimal disruption. Some also permit the passage of non-jumping species while blocking sea lampreys.