What is the atomic number of germanium?
32
What do all germanium atoms have in common?
It is classified as a metalloid. It is similar in properties to the other metalloids near it in the periodic table which are silicon and arsenic. Germanium atoms have 32 electrons and 32 protons with 4 valence electrons in the outer shell.
Which element has the atomic number 51?
Antimony
Can antimony kill you?
Poisoning by antimony ingestion manifests as gastric distress, and large doses cause vomiting, and kidney and liver damage, followed by death a few days later.
Why is antimony bad for you?
Acute (short-term) exposure to antimony by inhalation in humans results in effects on the skin and eyes. Respiratory effects, such as inflammation of the lungs, chronic bronchitis, and chronic emphysema, are the primary effects noted from chronic (long-term) exposure to antimony in humans via inhalation.
What happens if you eat antimony?
Studies in workers, who are typically exposed to higher levels of antimony, show that breathing antimony dust can cause heart and lung problems, stomach pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach ulcers. Swallowing large doses of antimony can cause vomiting in people.
How much antimony is lethal?
The lethal oral dose of metallic antimony in rats is 100 mg/kg of body weight; the trivalent and pentavalent oxides are less toxic, with LD50 in rats ranging from 3200–4000 mg/kg of body weight. The recommended workplace limit (ACGIH TLV-TWA) for antimony is 0.5 mg/m3 as an 8-hour time-weighted average.
How is antimony used today?
Antimony is used in the electronics industry to make some semiconductor devices, such as infrared detectors and diodes. Other uses of antimony alloys include type metal (in printing presses), bullets and cable sheathing. Antimony compounds are used to make flame-retardant materials, paints, enamels, glass and pottery.
Where is antimony found on Earth?
Small deposits of native metal have been found, but most antimony occurs in the form of more than 100 different minerals. The most important of these is stibnite, Sb2S3. Small stibnite deposits are found in Algeria, Bolivia, China, Mexico, Peru, South Africa, and in parts of the Balkan Peninsula.
Is antimony rare or common?
Antimony is the 63rd-most abundant element in Earth’s crust. It is less abundant than tin, arsenic and the rare earths, but more so than bismuth, mercury and silver. Antimony tends to concentrate in sulfide ores along with copper, lead and silver.
Is tungsten toxic to humans?
Tungsten has been the subject of numerous in vivo experimental and in vitro studies in view of determining its metabolic and toxicity profile. However, tungsten and its compounds are not considered very toxic for humans. Most existing human toxicology information comes from chronic occupational exposure.