How do B cells fight infection?

How do B cells fight infection? B-cells fight bacteria and viruses by making Y-shaped proteins called antibodies, which are specific to each pathogen and are able to lock onto the surface of an invading cell and mark it for destruction by other immune cells. B-lymphocytes and cancer have what may be described as a love-hate […]

What are the 3 main stages of cellular respiration?

What are the 3 main stages of cellular respiration? Cellular respiration is a metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose and produces ATP. The stages of cellular respiration include glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid or Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. What is the cellular respiration process? Cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen […]

Is 30 degrees water hot?

Is 30 degrees water hot? In general, hot water is 130 F (54.4 C) or above. Warm water is between 110 and 90 F (43.3 to 32.2 C). Cold water is generally between 80 and 60 F (26.7 to 15 C). Is it OK to wash towels at 30 degrees? A 30-degree wash is fine […]

How do you activate the ciliary muscles?

How do you activate the ciliary muscles? Activation of the M3 muscarinic receptors, acetylcholine receptors that are formed by G-protein complexes, trigger the contraction of the ciliary muscle and reduce the diameter of the ciliary muscle ring. Contraction allows the zonular fibers to relax and the lens becomes more spherical to improve near vision. What […]

What would happen without ozone layer?

What would happen without ozone layer? Without the Ozone layer in place, radiation from the sun would reach earth directly, damaging the DNA of plants and animals (Including humans). Skin cancer rates would be on the rise. (Source: NASA). Within days of the ozone layer’s disappearance, many plants would die. How can we solve the […]

How many quarts are in 57 barrels?

How many quarts are in 57 barrels? 7,973 Quarts How many quarts are in a gallon of oil? 4 quarts Is 5 quarts of oil a gallon? Keep in mind that 4 quarts equals 1 US Gallon but 5 quarts equal 1 Imperial Gallon (i.e. Canada)However, it is more likely that the 5 quarts is […]

What is the relationship between orchids and fungi?

What is the relationship between orchids and fungi? Luckily for the orchid and the fungi, the symbiosis they share is a sweet one, mostly mutual. Orchid mycorrhiza is the symbiotic process wherein juvenile orchids rely on special fungal symbionts to supply them with carbohydrates and in exchange the fungi receive moisture and access to organic […]

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