What is a primary and secondary reinforcer?

What is a primary and secondary reinforcer? A primary reinforcer is a reinforcer that an animal is born needing such as food, water, shelter. Secondary, or conditioned, reinforcers are stimuli, objects, or events that become reinforcing based on their association with a primary reinforcer. What is a secondary reinforcer? Secondary reinforcement refers to a situation […]

What is internationally recognized as a symbol of hospitality and a sign of friendliness warmth and cheer?

What is internationally recognized as a symbol of hospitality and a sign of friendliness warmth and cheer? pineapple What does the interrelated nature of hospitality and tourism mean? The interrelated nature of hospitality & tourism means that. all scopes under the umbrella of the industry have an effect on each other. Commitment to excellence should […]

Why did Japan grow wealthy under the shoguns?

Why did Japan grow wealthy under the shoguns? In addition to an emphasis on agricultural production (including the staple crop of rice as well as sesame oil, indigo, sugar cane, mulberry, tobacco and cotton), Japan’s commerce and manufacturing industries also expanded, leading to the rise of an increasingly wealthy merchant class and in turn to […]

What four characteristics do all vertebrates share in common during embryological development?

What four characteristics do all vertebrates share in common during embryological development? Defining characteristics of chordates: In chordates, four common features appear at some point during development: a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail. What characteristics do all vertebrates share? Vertebrates are differentiated by having a vertebral column. As […]

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