Does the media always have to act on its right to publish?

Unless restricted by a valid prior restraint (which is rare), the news media are free to publish any information or opinion they desire. This freedom, however, does not immunize them from liability for what they publish. A newspaper that publishes false information about a person, for example, can be sued for libel.

Can a principal legally censor his high school’s student newspaper?

Kuhlmeier, the high court ruled that school officials can censor school-sponsored publications if their decision is “reasonably related to a legitimate pedagogical purpose.” This means school officials must show that they have a reasonable educational reason for censoring the material.

Are student journalists protected by the First Amendment?

First Amendment: the provision of the U.S. Constitution that provides protection to free speech and press freedom, including for students. Censorship: prohibiting publication of information preventing reporters access to public information or creating an atmosphere in which student censor themselves.

Are there any limitations to what a high school newspaper can publish?

School authorities can only prohibit publication of stories in school newspapers if they are obscene, libelous, slanderous, or likely to incite others to commit illegal or disruptive acts.

What is student press freedom?

Student Press Freedom Day is an annual day of action organized by SPLC and a group of partner organizations with three main goals: Making change through New Voices laws — the day is an opportunity to generate attention and showcase why students need state-based New Voices laws to protect their First Amendment rights.

What court cases shape School Press Law?

New York Times Co. vs. United States (1971)
Gertz vs. Robert Welch, Inc. (1974)
Curtis Publishing v. Butts (1966) ” ”
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan (1964)
Chandler v. Florida (1981) ” ”
Cohen v. Cowles Media Co. (1982)
Branzburg v. Hayes (1971)
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988)

What is a school sponsored publications?

“Official school publications” means school newspapers, yearbooks or material produced in communications, journalism or other writing classes as a part of the curriculum.

Can school officials control student expression in school sponsored forms of communication such as the school newspaper or yearbook?

School newspapers & yearbooks In 1988, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier that public school officials can censor school-sponsored student expression as long as they have a valid educational reason for doing so.

Why is censorship in schools bad?

Censorship in schools can also lead to a narrow worldview with holes in the cultural and international education of our children. While parents may be tempted to shelter their children from issues that they find unfavorable or offensive, they may be restricting their child’s ability to grow and learn at the same time.

Is a public school a public forum?

For example, jails, public schools, and military bases are nonpublic forums (unless declared otherwise by the government). Such forums can be restricted based on the content (i.e., subject matter) of the speech, but not based on viewpoint.

What are the different types of public forums?

The Supreme Court established three different types of public forums in Perry Education Association v….White explained three categories of government property

Traditional, or quintessential, public forums;
limited, or designated, public forums;
and nonpublic forums.

What is an example of a public forum?

Traditional public forums include public parks, sidewalks and areas that have been traditionally open to political speech and debate. When considering government restrictions of speech in traditional public forums, courts use strict scrutiny.

Is the Internet a public forum?

The Supreme Court has recognized that the Internet in general, and social media in particular, has become a critical forum for the expression of protected speech. And the federal courts of appeals have held that the government can create public forums on the Internet.

What type of forum is the Internet?

An Internet forum, or message board, is an online discussion site where people can hold conversations in the form of posted messages. Forums act as centralized locations for topical discussion. The Forum format is derived from BBS and Usenet.

Is the Internet a public place?

The offence of committing an act outraging public decency does not apply to the internet as the cyber world is a “medium”, not a “public place”, judges of the top court have found.

What is a private forum?

A private forum is one which is only available to registered members, or to only a certain class of users (or ‘members’). A private-side web site is when a section of a web site is only accessible to a certain class of users. The functionality is access control; the use is for private forums.

What is an example of a forum?

The definition of a forum is a place or a method for discussion. An example of a forum is an online message board. (Internet) An Internet message board where users can post messages regarding one or more topics of discussion.

What does viewpoint discrimination mean?

Viewpoint discrimination is a form of content discrimination particularly disfavored by the courts. When the government engages in content discrimination, it is restricting speech on a given subject matter.

How do I start a forum?

How to Create a Forum Website

Pick a location to host your forum.
Choose a software to create your forum website.
Organize your forum’s structure.
Design your forum’s theme.
Create user rules for your forum website.
Start conversations with interesting discussion topics.
Publish your forum on your website.
Advertise to your audience.

Are forums profitable?

Forum is very profitable as long as you can jump start it and load it with tons of information that people will love! As you an see making one the best forum is to make lots of friends and enjoy casual talk together and when you have develop the right mix, you can now start to invite people and do the joyride of forum!

How much does it cost to run a forum?

Depending on the specific product and package you choose, most forum software can cost between roughly $15 and $500 per month. Aside from the technologies needed to create and operate a forum website, the only other potential cost is time.

How do I make my forum successful?

Running a successful forum

Make your content and topics interesting.
Make your board design as unique as possible.
Ensure that the registration process is as simple as possible.
Optimize your board for search engines with SEO (Search Engine Optimization)
Put in as much of your own time as possible.
Spread the word.
Don’t over moderate.

How do you manage a forum?

How to Manage a Forum Effectively

Build a moderation team.
Establish forum rules and encourage quality posts.
Keep out the spam.
Stay active and involved in the community.
Monitor forum traffic.

How do forums work?

In a standard Internet forum, a user creates a post. That post can be accessed by other users at any time. Posts can contain questions, opinions, images, videos, links, and more. Users can respond to the post, which creates a dialogue other users can participate in, also called a thread.

What is a good forum?

A good forum prioritizes the safety of the users over “free speech.” Harassment on forums often does not look as simple as “you suck.” It most often takes the form of a person disrupting and killing conversation, by dominating conversations so no one else has space to talk.

What is the most popular forum?

We’ve chosen five of the best chat and forums where you can ask questions, find info, and share your own stories.

Reddit. Reddit is lovingly known as the front page of the internet.
Quora. Even if you’ve been living under a rock, chances are you’ve heard of Quora.
Stack Overflow.
XDA-Developers.
GamesSpot.
Final Thoughts.