How can the motion of fluids be described?
There are two ways to describe the fluid motion. One is called Lagrangian, where one follows all fluid particles and describes the variations around each fluid particle along its trajectory. The other is Eulerian, where the variations are described at all fixed stations as a function of time.
What is Eulerian method of describing fluid motion?
The Eulerian Description is one in which a control volume is defined, within which fluid flow properties of interest are expressed as fields. In the Eulerian description of fluid flow, individual fluid particles are not identified. Instead, a control volume is defined, as shown in the diagram.
What are the types of fluid motions?
There are Six different types of fluid flow:
- Steady and Unsteady.
- Uniform and Non-Uniform.
- Laminar and Turbulent.
- Compressible and In-compressible.
- Rotational and Ir-rotational and.
- One, Two, and Three -dimensional Fluid Flow.
Which method is most preferable in fluid mechanics?
Eulerian method
What is the correct formula for Euler’s equation of motion?
The forces acting on the fluid can be divided into two types. Body forces, such as gravity, act on all the particles throughout V , Fv = ∫V ρg dV. Fs = ∫S −pndS, where p(x) > 0 is the fluid pressure.
What is entry loss?
The entrance loss is the head loss that occurs when a liquid flows from a large tank into a pipe. At the entrance to the pipe, the liquid must accelerate from zero velocity at the liquid surface in the tank to the velocity corresponding to the flow rate through the pipe.
Which one of the following is major loss?
1. Which one of the following is a major loss? Explanation: The major loss for the flflow through the pipes is due to the frictional resistance between adjacent fluid layers sliding over each other. All other losses are considered to be minor losses.
How are losses formed?
c-c to Sec. 2-2, where the stream tube expands to fill the pipe, losses take place in the similar fashion as occur in case of a sudden geometrical enlargement. Hence eddies are formed between the vena contracta c-c and the downstream Sec.
What is the head of the pump?
So, what is pumping head or just “head?” Head is the maximum height that a pump can move fluid against gravity. The purest example of this is if you have a vertical pipe extending straight up from the discharge outlet. A pump with 5m of head will pump fluid up the pipe 5m from the discharge outlet.
How is head loss calculated?
Since this pipeline was calculated with a flow rate of 400 gpm, this example will calculate the head loss for 200 gpm and 800 gpm through the same 100-foot section of 4-inch, steel schedule 40 pipe. A rule of thumb for pipeline head loss is doubling the flow rate increases the head loss by a factor of four.
What is pressure drop calculation?
Overall Pipe Pressure Drop Calculation The pressure at the end of the pipe under consideration is therefore given by the following equation (where all items are specified in m Head of Fluid): P[end] = P[start] – Friction Loss – Fittings Loss – Component Loss + Elevation[start-end] + Pump Head.
Is pressure drop good or bad?
Excessive pressure drop will result in poor system performance and excessive energy consumption. Flow restrictions of any type in a system require higher operating pressures than are needed, resulting in higher energy consumption. There is also another penalty for higher-than-needed pressure.
What is the formula for PSI?
The psi, or pounds per square inch, is a unit of pressure (P) using the foot-pound-second (FPS) system. To calculate psi, divide the force applied (F) with the area (A). Use an instrument such as a force gauge, spring scale or strain gauge. Make sure that the unit is in pounds.
What is a Pascal in KG?
The pascal (pronounced pass-KAL and abbreviated Pa) is the unit of pressure or stress in the International System of Units (SI). Reduced to base units in SI, one pascal is one kilogram per meter per second squared; that is, 1 Pa = 1 kg · m-1 · s-2.
Is pressure a unit?
Pascal
What is SI unit of atmospheric pressure?
The unit of pressure in the SI system is the pascal (Pa), defined as a force of one Newton per square meter. The conversion between atm, Pa, and torr is as follows: 1 atm = 101325 Pa = 760 torr.