How do I administer Atnaa?
Administer one (1) ATNAA into your lateral thigh muscle or buttocks as follows:
- Remove gray safety cap from back end.
- Place front end on outer thigh and push hard until injector functions. Hold firmly in place for ten seconds.
- Using a hard surface, bend needle into hook.
How often should Atnaa treatment be administered?
More than one dose of ATNAA, to a maximum of three doses, may be necessary, especially when exposure is massive or symptoms are severe (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
How do you use atropine auto injectors?
Jab straight into the outer thigh as you have been told. This medicine may be given through clothes if needed. Inject and hold for as long as you were told. Get medical help right away after using atropine auto-injector.
What is in a nerve agent antidote kit?
In the United States military, the Mark I NAAK, or MARK I Kit, (“Nerve Agent Antidote Kit”) is a dual-chamber autoinjector: Two anti-nerve agent drugs—atropine sulfate and pralidoxime chloride—each in injectable form, constitute the kit. (CANA is the drug diazepam or Valium, an anticonvulsant.)
How do nerve agents affect the body?
The nature of nerve agents They are so named because of the way their chemicals attack and disrupt the transfer of messages from nerves to organs. Nerve agents specifically attack the body’s autonomic (involuntary) processes which are responsible for respiratory rate, heart rate, digestion and salivation.
What are the symptoms of nerve gas?
Immediate signs and symptoms of sarin exposure
- Runny nose.
- Watery eyes.
- Small, pinpoint pupils.
- Eye pain.
- Blurred vision.
- Drooling and excessive sweating.
- Cough.
- Chest tightness.
What is a DuoDote kit?
DuoDote, a combination of atropine, a cholinergic muscarinic antagonist, and pralidoxime chloride, a cholinesterase reactivator, is indicated for the treatment of poisoning by organophosphorus nerve agents as well as organophosphorus insecticides in adults and pediatric patients weighing more than 41 kg (90 pounds).
Which drug is part of the DuoDote kit?
Each DuoDote® Auto-Injector contains a sterile solution of atropine (2.1 mg/0.7 mL) and a sterile solution of pralidoxime chloride (600 mg/2 mL) in two separate internal chambers. When activated, the DuoDote® Auto-Injector sequentially administers both drugs intramuscularly through a single needle in one injection.
Can you buy DuoDote?
No. There is currently no therapeutically equivalent version of DuoDote available in the United States. Note: Fraudulent online pharmacies may attempt to sell an illegal generic version of DuoDote. These medications may be counterfeit and potentially unsafe.
What are organophosphate nerve agents?
Organophosphate Nerve Agents [e.g. Sarin (GB), Soman (GD), Tabun (GA), VX] are rapidly acting and highly toxic. Organophosphate-based pesticides exhibit the same physiological reaction and are considered extremely poisonous. Accidental exposure to these substances may occur.
Do you give atropine or pralidoxime first?
Atropine, which is choice of drug to antagonise the muscarinic effects of organophosphates, is administered even before pralidoxime during the treatment of organophosphate poisoning.
Why is Pam contraindicated in carbamate poisoning?
2-PAM is contraindicated in all cases of carbamate poisoning. B. 2-PAM plus atropine has been shown to worsen the outcome in carbamate poisoning due to carbaryl when compared to giving no antidote.
What is atropine the antidote for?
Atropine and pralidoxime is a combination medicine used as an antidote to treat poisoning by a pesticide (insect spray) or a chemical that interferes with the central nervous system, such as nerve gas. This medicine is not effective as an antidote for all types of pesticide poisonings.
How long does it take for atropine to wear off?
How long do the effects of the atropine last? The blurred vision, caused by the atropine, will last for approximately seven days after the last instillation. The dilated pupil may remain for as long as 14 days.