How do you find the maximum theoretical specific gravity?
Theoretical maximum specific gravity is determined by taking a sample of loose HMA (i.e., not compacted), weighing it and then determining its volume by calculating the volume of water it displaces (Figure 1). Theoretical maximum specific gravity is then the sample weight divided by its volume.
How do you calculate the effective specific gravity of aggregate?
Gmm = maximum specific gravity of paving mixture (no air voids) Pmm = total loose mixture = 100% Ps = aggregate, percent by total weight of mixture (P1 + P2 + P3 + Pn) Pb = asphalt, percent by total weight of mixture. Gse = effective specific gravity of aggregate.
What is specific gravity of asphalt?
A typical specific gravity for asphalt is around 1.03.
What is Rice density?
Density was nearly constant at 1.452 g/ml in all rice varieties; in paddy, the value was around 1.182 g/ml for round varieties and around 1.224 g/ml for others. Bulk density varied appreciably in both rice (0.777-0.847) and paddy (0.563-0.642 g/ml), and so did porosity (41-46% in rice, 46-54% in paddy).
How dense is sand?
Density of Sand The mean density of the different conditions of sand are as follows: Loose Sand: 1442 kg/m3. This is dry sand that has been moved or otherwise agitated to loosen the natural packing process. Dry Sand: 1602 kg/m3.
What is the density of asphalt?
2.243 gram per cubic centimeter
What is the density of hot mix asphalt?
0.1 lb/ft3
How do you find the density of asphalt?
Estimate the volume of asphalt needed, using geometrical formulas and plans or measurements, including width, length, and depth (thickness). Estimate the density of the hotmix to be used. Standard density for asphalt is 145 lb/ft3 (2322 kg/m3). Multiply the volume by the density (in the same units) to get the weight.
What’s the formula for asphalt?
Multiply the length times the width times the depth to obtain the volume in cubic feet of the space to be paved. Performing this step yields 12.5 feet times 8.33 feet times 0.42 feet or 43.7 cubic feet.
How much area does a ton of asphalt cover?
The density of asphalt is generally given at 140 lbs per cubic foot (I have assumed you would like this in imperial as you use feet) At that density a ton ( 2240 lbs) is 16 cubic feet so it now comes down to how thick you want the coating, at 1 inch thick the ton will cover 12 x 16 (192) square feet.
How much is a ton of asphalt?
Average Asphalt Costs Per Ton. Most asphalt manufacturers sell new material by the ton, averaging $100 to $200 per ton. One ton usually covers 40 to 80 square feet.
How many square feet will 1 ton of asphalt cover 2 inches thick?
The area that 1 ton of asphalt covers depends on the thickness of the asphalt to be used; for a half-inch thick section of asphalt, 1 ton will cover approximately 316 square feet, while 1 ton of asphalt will cover 79 square feet when laid several inches thick.
Is cement or asphalt cheaper?
The cost of an asphalt driveway is typically cheaper than concrete, costing $2.00 – $4.00 per square foot. In contrast, a concrete driveway costs between $4.00 – $6.00 per square foot for a standard installation. Finishes, details and stains can increase the price tag to as much as $15.00 per square foot.
How much does a truckload of asphalt cost?
Bulk asphalt cost per truckload A bulk truckload of asphalt costs $500 to $1,800, including delivery fees. Tandem trucks carry 13 to 20 tons of asphalt that cover 550 to 850 square feet with a layer 3 to 5 inches thick. Prices vary according to the asphalt-delivery distance.
How much does asphalt compact?
Remember, the compaction rate, as a general rule, is about 6 mm (1/4″) per 25 mm (1″) of screed laid thickness when a vibratory screed is used and about 5 mm (1/5″) per 25 mm (1″) when a tamping and vibrating screed is used.
What is the best temperature to pave a driveway?
Ideally you want to install asphalt when both ground and air temperature are anywhere between 50 and 90 degrees. Anything below 50 or above 90 can cause a poor pour that will give you issues down the road.
How thick should asphalt be?
2-inch
Is 2.5 inches of asphalt enough for a driveway?
The Intended Use of the Pavement Thus, a compacted asphalt thickness of 2.5 to 3 inches may be more than sufficient for a residential driveway, but a busy mixed-use lot may need a compacted asphalt thickness of 4 inches or more.
What is the difference between asphalt and blacktop?
Asphalt generally refers to major highways and streets, whereas, blacktop is commonly used to refer to driveways and residential roads. As a matter of fact, blacktop is a type of asphalt. First let’s consider how asphalt is made and what materials it uses. Blacktop has a higher mixture of stone than asphalt.
What is the best type of blacktop sealer?
The Best Driveway Sealer for Asphalt and Concrete Surfaces
- BEST DRIVEWAY SEALER FOR CRACKED ASPHALT: Latex-ite Sand Mix Driveway Filler Sealer.
- BEST FAST-DRYING ASPHALT SEALER: Gardner Max Blacktop Sealer.
- BEST DRIVEWAY SEALER FOR FRESH CONCRETE: Quikrete Concrete Cure and Seal.
What is the best low maintenance driveway?
Low-Maintenance Driveway Options
- Paving Stones. Paving stones are known to last up to a full century if properly laid.
- Concrete Grass Pavers. An interlocking concrete grass paver driveway made may be an option for your driveway.
- Plastic Permeable Pavers.
What is the most cost effective driveway?
Of the four paving materials described in this guide, aggregate (gravel) is the least expensive, followed by asphalt, concrete, and paving stones. If you’re installing your driveway on a shoestring budget, gravel is your best choice. If you have more wiggle room, you’ll have more choice.
What type of driveway lasts the longest?
Concrete
What is the best driveway to have?
Asphalt is another popular choice when it comes to installing a new driveway. Cost: Asphalt driveways are cheaper to install than concrete driveways. Therefore those looking for the properties of a concrete driveway but at a cheaper cost, use asphalt as an alternative.
What is the cheapest way to surface a driveway?
Gravel and Stones A gravel driveway is by far the cheapest and quickest to install, especially if the existing driveway sub-base is sound.
What is the best material for a sloping driveway?
gravel
What’s the cheapest driveway material?