How do you write a lab report in microbiology?

How do you write a lab report in microbiology?

Most microbiology lab reports do not have an Introduction and begin with the Purpose section. However, if your instructor does request an Introduction, it should not exceed 4-6 sentences. Concisely explain the nature of your experiment, the findings you reached, and why the experiment was important.

Why is it important to study microbiology?

Though it sounds niche, microbiology is actually one of the most important sub-sectors of biology. By analysing microorganisms up close, microbiologists play a crucial role in combating disease, creating chemical products for agriculture, and even helping to keep the planet healthy.

What tests are done in microbiology?

List of Laboratory Tests – Microbiology

• Aspirate culture & sensitivity.
• Aspirate for AFB.
• Blood culture & sensitivity.
• Cholera ag.
• Chlamydia.
• CSF- culture & sensitivity.
• Ear culture & sensitivity.
• Endocervical swab.

What technology do microbiologists use?

Microbiology equipment include microscopes; slides; test tubes; petri dishes; growth mediums, both solid and liquid; inoculation loops; pipettes and tips; incubators; autoclaves, and laminar flow hoods.

What are the 4 types of microorganisms?

The major groups of microorganisms—namely bacteria, archaea, fungi (yeasts and molds), algae, protozoa, and viruses—are summarized below.

What are the 7 major types of microorganisms?

Microorganisms are divided into seven types: bacteria, archaea, protozoa, algae, fungi, viruses, and multicellular animal parasites ( helminths ). Each type has a characteristic cellular composition, morphology, mean of locomotion, and reproduction.

What are the 5 microorganisms?

Microbial diversity is truly staggering, yet all these microbes can be grouped into five major types: Viruses, Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, and Protists.

What type of microorganism is a virus?

acellular microorganisms

Why are viruses used in microbiology?

Nonliving characteristics include the fact that they are not cells, have no cytoplasm or cellular organelles, and carry out no metabolism on their own and therefore must replicate using the host cell’s metabolic machinery. Viruses can infect animals, plants, and even other microorganisms.

Are viruses living?

So were they ever alive? Most biologists say no. Viruses are not made out of cells, they can’t keep themselves in a stable state, they don’t grow, and they can’t make their own energy. Even though they definitely replicate and adapt to their environment, viruses are more like androids than real living organisms.

What are viruses made up of?

Most viruses have either RNA or DNA as their genetic material. The nucleic acid may be single- or double-stranded. The entire infectious virus particle, called a virion, consists of the nucleic acid and an outer shell of protein. The simplest viruses contain only enough RNA or DNA to encode four proteins.

Can virus be created?

Viruses have primarily been engineered for use by humans as so-called recombinant (or subunit) vaccines. In this technology, the genetic material of a harmful virus is analyzed to identify the gene or genes that encode the antigens (identifying proteins) that trigger the body’s immune response.

Are viruses made of protein?

A virus is made up of a core of genetic material, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protective coat called a capsid which is made up of protein. Sometimes the capsid is surrounded by an additional spikey coat called the envelope. Viruses are capable of latching onto host cells and getting inside them.

Do viruses use energy?

Viruses are too small and simple to collect or use their own energy – they just steal it from the cells they infect. Viruses only need energy when they make copies of themselves, and they don’t need any energy at all when they are outside of a cell.

What causes a virus to form?

According to this theory, the plasmid escaped from cells and evolved in a way that allowed it to enter another cell to produce viruses. Another theory suggests that viruses could have evolved from more complex free-living organisms, such as bacteria, or cells.

What purpose do viruses serve?

In fact, some viruses have beneficial properties for their hosts in a symbiotic relationship (1), while other natural and laboratory-modified viruses can be used to target and kill cancer cells, to treat a variety of genetic diseases as gene and cell therapy tools, or to serve as vaccines or vaccine delivery agents.

What are 5 characteristics of a virus?

These are: 1) attachment; 2) penetration; 3) uncoating; 4) replication; 5) assembly; 6)release. As shown in , the virus must first attach itself to the host cell. This is usually accomplished through special glycoprotiens on the exterior of the capsid, envelope or tail.

How do viruses act?

Viruses initially stick to cell membranes through interactions unrelated to fusion proteins. The virus surfs along the fluid surface of the cell and eventually the viral fusion proteins bind to receptor molecules on the cell membrane (4). If only binding occurred, the two membranes would remain distinct.

What are 3 characteristics of viruses?

Characteristics

• Non living structures.
• Non-cellular.
• Contain a protein coat called the capsid.
• Have a nucleic acid core containing DNA or RNA (one or the other – not both)
• Capable of reproducing only when inside a HOST cell.

Do viruses meet the characteristics of life?

Viruses do, however, show some characteristics of living things. They contain genetic information needed to produce more viruses in the form of DNA or RNA. They evolve to adapt to their hosts. So while it is doubtful viruses are truly alive, they are clearly very similar to living organisms.

Why do viruses do not show characteristics of life until they enter a living body?

Viruses lack any membranes. Hence, they do not show characteristics of life until they enter a living cell and use its cell machinery to multiply. It transports the material in and out of the cell.

Do viruses change over time?

The short answer to these questions is that viruses evolve. That is, the “gene pool” of a virus population can change over time. In some cases, the viruses in a population—such as all the flu viruses in a geographical region, or all the different HIV particles in a patient’s body—may evolve by natural selection.

How does virus die?

Strictly speaking, viruses can’t die, for the simple reason that they aren’t alive in the first place. Although they contain genetic instructions in the form of DNA (or the related molecule, RNA), viruses can’t thrive independently. Instead, they must invade a host organism and hijack its genetic instructions.

What are some symptoms when you become infected with a virus?

Symptoms

• Fever.
• Diarrhea.
• Fatigue.
• Muscle aches.
• Coughing.

When did viruses first appear on Earth?

They existed 3.5 billion years before humans evolved on Earth. They’re neither dead nor alive. Their genetic material is embedded in our own DNA, constituting close to 10% of the human genome.

What was the first virus?

Abstract. Two scientists contributed to the discovery of the first virus, Tobacco mosaic virus. Ivanoski reported in 1892 that extracts from infected leaves were still infectious after filtration through a Chamberland filter-candle. Bacteria are retained by such filters, a new world was discovered: filterable pathogens …