How does DNA replication in eukaryotes differ from replication in bacteria?
In prokaryotic cells, there is only one point of origin, replication occurs in two opposing directions at the same time, and takes place in the cell cytoplasm. Eukaryotic cells on the other hand, have multiple points of origin, and use unidirectional replication within the nucleus of the cell.
How is bacterial DNA different from eukaryotic DNA?
Prokaryotic DNA is doublestranded and circular. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA undergo replication by the enzyme DNA polymerase. The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA is that prokaryotic DNA is found in the cytoplasm whereas eukaryotic DNA is packed into the nucleus of the cell.
What is the main difference between eukaryotic replication and prokaryotic replication?
Difference Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Replication
| Prokaryotic DNA Replication | Eukaryotic DNA Replication |
|---|---|
| The origin of replication is formed of around 100-200 or more nucleotides. | Each origin of replication is made up of around 150 nucleotides. |
How is bacterial DNA replication different?
In bacteria, the initiation of replication occurs at the origin of replication, where supercoiled DNA is unwound by DNA gyrase, made single-stranded by helicase, and bound by single-stranded binding protein to maintain its single-stranded state. Overall, replication in eukaryotes is similar to that in prokaryotes.
Is bacterial DNA replication unidirectional?
Subsequent experiments performed in many different laboratories have shown that DNA replication in other kinds of bacteria and in the nucleus of eukaryotes is also bidirectional. However, not all DNA replication is bidirectional. For example, E. coli plasmid CoIEI1 replication is unidirectional.
Is DNA replication unidirectional in eukaryotes?
As with prokaryotes, DNA replication in eukaryotic cells is bidirectional. DNA replication (arrows) occurs in both directions from multiple origins of replication in the linear DNA found in eukaryotic cells.
What is the function of Primase in DNA replication quizlet?
The enzyme called RNA primase makes a short strand of RNA primer that is complementary to the template DNA strand. The RNA primer is made of a few to 10 RNA nucleotides. This RNA primer is necessary for DNA polymerase (enzyme) to start adding DNA nucleotides to make short segments of the lagging strand.
What is the main function of DNA helicase in DNA replication quizlet?
What is the function of helicase in DNA replication? It untwists the double helix and separates the two DNA strands.
Why does DNA replication need ATP?
NTP’s are used in the synthesis of RNA primers and ATP is used as an energy source for some of the enzymes needed to initiate and sustain DNA synthesis at the replication fork. The nucleotide that is to be incorporated into the growing DNA chain is selected by base pairing with the template strand of the DNA.
Are enzymes important for DNA replication?
One of the key molecules in DNA replication is the enzyme DNA polymerase. DNA polymerases are responsible for synthesizing DNA: they add nucleotides one by one to the growing DNA chain, incorporating only those that are complementary to the template.
How do enzymes work in DNA replication?
A variety of enzymes are involved in the process of DNA replication. The enzyme, DNA Helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between the bases from the 5′ to 3′ direction, uncoiling the DNA and separating the strands. Thus, allowing other enzymes involved in the process to access each strand of DNA.