How does hydraulic jump occur?
A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon that occurs in fast-moving open flows when the flow becomes unstable. When a jump occurs, the height of the liquid surface increases abruptly resulting in an increased depth and decreased average flow velocity downstream.
Is a hydraulic jump a flow control?
A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon in the science of hydraulics which is frequently observed in open channel flow such as rivers and spillways….Descriptive Hydraulic Jump Characteristics.
| Characteristic | Before the jump | After the jump |
|---|---|---|
| flow | typically smooth turbulent | typically turbulent flow (rough and choppy) |
What is it called when yn YC and so 0?
Explanation: When Yn > Yc and So > 0, it is called a mild slope. Mild slope is denoted by ‘M’.
What causes the hydraulic jump to occur in the horizontal channel?
What causes the hydraulic jump to occur in the horizontal channel and what factorsdetermine the precise location of the jump? The downstream gate causes some of the water to return in the opposite direction becausethe gate is not all the way down so the water pushes back in the opposite direction causing the jump.
What is meant by critical flow?
critical flow Critical flow occurs when the flow velocity in a channel equals the wave velocity generated by a disturbance or obstruction. When Fr is greater than 1 waves cannot be generated upstream and the flow is said to be supercritical, rapid, or shooting.
What is hydraulic jump in plumbing?
What is a Hydraulic Jump? Primarily, a hydraulic jump occurs when liquid traveling at high velocity discharges into an area with lower velocity. The collision of these liquids creates a sudden rise in the liquid surface.
What happen to the hydraulic jump if there is no bump on the flow path?
2, when there is no bump in the channel, the flow is supercritical along the most of channel length. The simultaneous effect of sluice gate and bump leads to form a hydraulic jump. The location of hydraulic jump moves downwards by moving the bump downstream.
How do you calculate energy loss in a hydraulic jump?
See Fig. 14.85. But due to losses the specific energy head after the jump is E2 and the actual depth after the jump is d2 = E2Q’. In the figure E1E2 = loss of head hl due to hydraulic jump.
What is energy dissipation in hydraulic jump?
A hydraulic jump is produced upon impact of an upstream flow free falling from a weir into a downstream stilling basin. A large amount of kinetic energy is consumed in a hydraulic jump when the upstream flow impacts upon the downstream channel. Hence, energy dissipation is characteristic of a hydraulic jump.
How is Froude number calculated?
It is generally expressed as Fr = v/(gd)1/2, in which d is depth of flow, g is the gravitational acceleration (equal to the specific weight of the water divided by its density, in fluid mechanics), v is the celerity of a small surface (or gravity) wave, and Fr is the Froude number.
What is energy dissipation?
Dissipation is a term that is often used to describe ways in which energy is wasted. Any energy that is not transferred to useful energy stores is said to be wasted because it is lost to the surroundings. In a mechanical system, energy is dissipated when two surfaces rub together.