How does learning occur according to the classical conditioning theory?
Classical conditioning refers to learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus (e.g., a tone) becomes associated with a stimulus (e.g., food) that naturally produces a behaviour. After the association is learned, the previously neutral stimulus is sufficient to produce the behaviour.
What type of learning happens when a stimulus occurs before a response?
1) In classical conditioning, the conditional behavior (CR) is triggered by the particular stimulus (CS) and is therefore called an elicited behavior. Operant behavior is an emitted behavior in the sense that it occurs in a situation containing many stimuli and seems to be initiated by the organism.
Which learning process occurs when organisms are able to distinguish between various similar stimuli and respond only to certain ones?
Which learning process occurs when organisms are able to distinguish between various similar stimuli and respond only to certain ones? Using operant conditioning, B. F.
What is the term for the natural stimulus that reflexively elicits a response without prior learning?
unconditioned stimulus. the natural stimulus that reflexively elicits a response without the need for prior learning.
What is unconditioned stimulus example?
In other words, the response takes place without any prior learning. For example, when you smell one of your favorite foods, you may immediately feel hungry. In this example, the smell of the food is the unconditioned stimulus.
What type of stimulus elicits a response without prior experience?
According to the theory of classical conditioning, an originally neutral stimulus comes to elicit a response as a result of being paired with an unconditioned stimulus (an event that elicits a response without any prior learning history) or with a conditioned stimulus.
What type of stimulus elicits a response?
Unconditioned stimulus This type of stimulus unconditionally elicits a response, also referred to as a respondent.
What type of stimulus elicits a response without prior experience that is without learning haven’t taken place?
Any stimulus, such as food, that without prior learning will automatically elicit, or bring forth, an unconditioned response is called an unconditioned stimulus (US).
Which of the following is example of stimulus discrimination?
An instance of stimulus discrimination is if a child swears on the playground. The other children would be reinforcing which makes them an SD. If the child says the same thing in front of grandma and grandpa, no reinforcement will occur, making them the SΔ.
What is discrimination learning examples?
Examples of discrimination learning in everyday life can include grocery shopping, determining how to decipher between the types of bread or fruit, being able to tell similar stimuli apart, differentiating between different parts while listening to music, or perhaps deciphering the different notes and chords being …
Which is the best example of stimulus generalization?
Classical and Operant Conditioning Little Albert’s fear of white furry objects is a great example of how stimulus generalization works in classical conditioning. While the child had originally been conditioned to fear a white rat, his fear also generalized to similar objects.
What is stimulus generalization give an example?
Stimulus generalization is the tendency of a new stimulus to evoke responses or behaviors similar to those elicited by another stimulus. For example, Ivan Pavlov conditioned dogs to salivate using the sound of a bell and food powder.
Which of the following is an example of stimulus generalization?
Potty training is a good example of stimulus generalization in operant conditioning. When a child is learning to use the toilet, rewards are often used to increase the desired behaviors.
Which of the following is an example of stimulus discrimination?
What is stimulus discrimination learning?
Stimulus Discrimination is when we learn to respond only to the original stimulus, and not to other similar stimuli. The concept of Stimulus Discrimination follows from the idea of Stimulus Generalization, which is when we respond not only to the original stimulus, but also to other similar stimuli.
What is the difference between stimulus generalization and discrimination?
In stimulus generalization, an organism responds to new stimuli that are similar to the original conditioned stimulus. On the other hand, stimulus discrimination occurs when an organism learns a response to a specific stimulus, but does not respond the same way to new stimuli that are similar.
What is an example of generalization?
Generalization, in psychology, the tendency to respond in the same way to different but similar stimuli. For example, a child who is scared by a man with a beard may fail to discriminate between bearded men and generalize that all men with beards are to be feared.
How do you promote stimulus generalization?
One way to promote generalization is to reinforce the behavior when generalization occurs– that is, to reinforce the behavior when it occurs outside the training situation in the presence of relevant stimuli. This allows relevant stimuli to develop stimulus control over the behavior.
What is an example of conditioned stimulus?
Simply put, a conditioned stimulus makes an organism react to something because it is associated with something else. For example, Pavlov’s dog learned to salivate at the sound of a bell. In classical conditioning, the conditioned response (CR) is the learned response to the previously neutral stimulus.
How do you explain conditioned stimulus?
A conditioned stimulus is a substitute stimulus that triggers the same response in an organism as an unconditioned stimulus. Simply put, a conditioned stimulus makes an organism react to something because it is associated with something else.
Can a neutral stimulus also be a conditioned response?
A neutral stimulus is a stimulus which initially produces no specific response other than focusing attention. In classical conditioning, when used together with an unconditioned stimulus, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus.
What is the difference between a conditioned and unconditioned response?
Unconditioned Response and Conditioned Response Differences The unconditioned response is innate and requires no prior learning. The conditioned response will occur only after an association has been made between the UCS and the CS. The conditioned response is a learned response.
Can the unconditioned and conditioned stimulus be the same?
A conditioned stimulus is a learned substitute stimulus that triggers the same response as an unconditioned stimulus. In other words, a conditioned stimulus is a neutral stimulus that, over time and training, garners a response by repeatedly being linked with another naturally occurring stimulus.
How do you weaken or eliminate a conditioned response?
A classically conditioned response can be eliminated or extinguished by eliminating the predictive relationship between the signal and the reflex. This is accomplished by presenting the signal (CS) while preventing the reflex.
What happens when you remove the unconditioned stimulus?
If the unconditioned stimulus does not appear at least some of the time, however, its association with the conditioned stimulus will be lost, and extinction of the dog’s learned or conditioned response will occur. As a result, the dog will stop salivating in response to the light.