How does mixing affect gluten development?
The more the dough is mixed, the more gluten is developed. This causes the dough to become elastic and stretchy, as can be seen in bread dough. The gluten is formed during kneading of the bread dough. Kneading causes the gluten strands to get stronger and longer.
How do you control the development of gluten?
Gluten doesn’t even exist until flour becomes wet. Water is what coaxes the two wheat proteins glutenin and gliadin to combine and form gluten. So by adding or withholding water from dough or batter, you can encourage or deter gluten’s development.
How does gluten develop once the liquid is added?
When water is added to flour and mixed, these proteins absorb water, otherwise known as hydrating. Gliadin and Glutenin then combine to form the protein called GLUTEN. Gluten is a tough, rubbery and elastic substance, which has the capacity to stretch and rise due to the action of baking powder or yeast.
How does dough strength relate to mixing time?
Longer mixing times are generally indicative of greater dough strength and thus resilience and ability to withstand the mechanical mixing of commercial bread production (Wooding et al. 1999) .
What is the importance of mixing techniques?
Mixing is one of the most critical and important operations in a bakery. The mixing stage allows “inert” dry and liquid ingredients to create a very reactive and dynamic system that can be then processed and transformed into value-added products.
What are two 2 examples of the dough development processes?
Stages of dough mixing Clean up: dough is at maximum stiffness and comes together as one cohesive mass. Final development: Dough is at the correct temperature and handling quality (gluten film is visible, and the dough is ready to be discharged from mixer). Letdown: The gluten matrix begins to degrade.
What should dough look like after mixing?
Once your flour and water are fully incorporated and there are no dry spots, stop and wait. Your dough should look loose and formless. This is known as the shaggy mass stage.
How long should dough rest after mixing?
20 to 60 minute
What to do after dough rises?
Once dough is shaped, it needs to rise (be proofed) for a final time. It should be transferred to the pan it will be baked in or on (most often a loaf pan or baking sheet) first. As with previous rises, cover dough with lightly oiled plastic wrap and let it rise in a warm, moist environment.
Why do you rest dough before kneading?
It means to let your dough rest (I give it 25-30 minutes) before kneading. This allows the flour to become thoroughly saturated, and provides time for the gluten chains to start forming up before you even lay a hand on the dough — more pre-kneading.
How do you know if your dough is over kneaded?
If your dough feels dense and tough to handle when you stop the mixer, it is a sign that it is becoming over-kneaded. Over-kneaded dough can become very hard to work with and produce a more flat and chewy bread.
How long should you knead dough for?
work the dough, those strands of gluten are tightening up and getting into line. Kneading for 10-12 minutes by hand or 8-10 minutes in a mixer are the general standards; if you’ve been massaging the dough for that length of time, you can be pretty confident that you’ve done your job.
Why do we proof dough after shaping?
Why Is Proofing Important? If yeasted dough isn’t allowed to proof, the yeast can’t release carbon dioxide, and the gluten won’t stretch to hold the air bubbles. Proofing is an essential part of bread baking and other applications that rely on yeast to create air pockets, such as making croissants.