How does sodium valproate treat epilepsy?
Sodium valproate prevents epileptic fits by stabilising excessive electrical activity in the brain. It is thought to achieve this in two ways: by increasing the activity of a natural ‘nerve-calming’ agent called GABA in the brain, and by preventing electrical signals from building up in nerve cells in the brain.
Can sodium valproate increased seizure activity?
Valproate sodium interferes with the glycine cleavage enzyme synthesis in the mitochondria, hence increasing glycine levels. The increased glycine levels are responsible for worsening of the underlying metabolic condition and increased seizure frequency.
Why is valproate used as broad spectrum antiepileptic?
Sodium valproate has a broad spectrum of anticonvulsant activity, but is structurally unrelated to conventional antiepileptic drugs. Its proposed mode of action is mediated through effects on the function of brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
Why is valproate used in absence seizures?
As a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug, valproic acid can be effective against many types of seizures common in children. It has been used for many years to treat children with absence seizures, for which it is just as effective as Zarontin (ethosuximide). These two drugs can be used in combination.
What are the main side effects of sodium valproate?
Common side effects
- stomach pain, feeling or being sick (nausea or vomiting)
- diarrhoea.
- dry or sore mouth, or swollen gums.
- shakes (tremors) in a part of your body, or unusual eye movements.
- feeling tired or sleepy.
- headache.
- weight gain.
- thinning hair, or changes to the colour or texture of your hair.
What can I not do if I have epilepsy?
What I can and can’t do because of my epilepsy?
- Will there be things I can’t do?
- Risk assessments and possbile discrimination.
- Sport.
- Alcohol and recreational drugs.
- Photosensitive epilepsy.
- Transport and travel.