How is Froude number calculated?
It is generally expressed as Fr = v/(gd)1/2, in which d is depth of flow, g is the gravitational acceleration (equal to the specific weight of the water divided by its density, in fluid mechanics), v is the celerity of a small surface (or gravity) wave, and Fr is the Froude number.
What is meant by hydraulic jump?
A hydraulic jump is a phenomenon in the science of hydraulics which is frequently observed in open channel flow such as rivers and spillways. When liquid at high velocity discharges into a zone of lower velocity, a rather abrupt rise occurs in the liquid surface.
When the Mach number is between the flow is called supersonic flow?
Ans: When the Mach number is between 1 and 5, the flow is known as supersonic.
When the flow in open channel is gradually varied the flow is said to be?
Gradually varied flow is caused in an open channel when the depth of the open channel is increasing. Explanation: Gradually Varied Flow is called a “steady non-uniform flow” inside a channel where there is a gradual change in the water depth.
What is energy per unit head of water called as?
total energy
What is varied flow?
Used to describe nonuniform flow conditions in open channels and conduits, with changing cross section or slope with distance. Dramatic changes in velocity and depth occurring over a very short distance are known as rapidly varied flow and surface resistance effects are small. …
When so 0 and yn YC It is called as?
Explanation: When Yo= Yc, it is called a Critical slope. Explanation: When Yn > Yc and So > 0, it is called a mild slope. Mild slope is denoted by ‘M’.
What is the bottom of a slope called?
ANSWER: DOWNHILL.
What is the difference between subcritical and supercritical flow?
Subcritical flow is dominated by gravitational forces and behaves in a slow or stable way. It is defined as having a Froude number less than one. Supercritical flow is dominated by inertial forces and behaves as rapid or unstable flow.
At what condition the flow becomes subcritical in terms of flow Froude number?
With such a definition, Fr = 1 at critical flow conditions. In open channel flows, it is strongly advised to define the Froude number such as Fr = 1 at critical flow conditions. That is, Fr < 1 for subcritical flow (d > dc) and Fr > 1 for supercritical flow (d < dc).
What does a high Froude number mean?
Walking Froude number If total leg length is used as the characteristic length, then the theoretical maximum speed of walking has a Froude number of 1.0 since any higher value would result in takeoff and the foot missing the ground.
What is the condition for critical flow?
critical flow Critical flow occurs when the flow velocity in a channel equals the wave velocity generated by a disturbance or obstruction. In this condition the Froude number (Fr) = 1.