Is the basilar membrane linear?
A linear and a nonlinear transmission line model of the basilar membrane is described. It is shown that a linear model exhibits a frequency modulation in its impulse response that is in accordance with physiological data. The nonlinear model displays a sharpened frequency response for lower sound intensities.
How many stereocilia are on the basilar membrane?
150 stereocilia
What causes the Tectorial membrane to move?
Sound waves cause the basilar membrane to move relative to the tectorial membrane. The cilia of the hair cells bend when contact is made to the tectorial membrane and the hair cell discharges.
What does Tectorial mean?
forming a covering
Do inner hair cells touch Tectorial membrane?
Inner hair-cell bundles are not embedded in the tectorial membrane and instead respond to fluid motion at their apical surfaces.
What is the cochlear duct?
The cochlear duct (also known as the scala media) is an endolymph-filled cavity located between the scala vestibuli (upper) and the scala tympani (lower) in the cochlea which is part of the inner ear along with the vestibular apparatus 1,4.
How long is the basilar membrane?
35 mm
What are the 4 tasks of the auditory system?
What are the four tasks of the auditory system? – Pick up stimulus energy from the world around us. – Change that energy into a pattern of neural impulses. – Carry those impulses to the proper locations in the brain.
What are the 3 aspects of sound waves?
Sound waves are changes in pressure generated by vibrating molecules. The physical characteristics of sound waves influence the three psychological features of sound: loudness, pitch, and timbre. Loudness depends on the amplitude,or height, of sound waves. The greater the amplitude, the louder the sound perceived.
What happens inside the cochlea quizlet?
What happens inside the cochlea? – Vibrations transmitted through the tympanic membrane and the oval window cause waves of pressure changes, called traveling waves, to travel down the vestibular canal in the cochlea from the base to the apex.
Which tuning fork would vibrate faster?
The smaller a tine, the less distance it has to move, and the faster it will be able to vibrate. It’s the same principle as strings on a guitar. Without much room to wobble, a tight string vibrates quickly. A loose string, on the other hand, takes longer to shudder back and forth, resulting in a lower tone.
Can you hear a tuning fork underwater?
Sounds are another form of waves – longitudinal waves. By sticking the vibrating tuning fork in a denser medium like water, the tuning fork’s energy is transferred into the act of splashing water, rather than hearing sound.
Is pitch and volume the same?
Pitch is a measure of how high or low something sounds and is related to the speed of the vibrations that produce the sound. Volume is a measure of how loud or soft something sounds and is related to the strength of the vibrations.
How can you make a sound louder or softer?
Making a sound louder or softer is just one way to change that sound. You can also change how high or low a sound is-its pitch-by changing the rate of vibration of the object making the sound. The faster the vibration, the higher the sound. Stretch a rubber band by your ear and pluck it with a finger.
Why is Echo softer than original sound?
An echo is weaker than the original sound because the sound wave imparts energy to the surface from which it bounces. When a sound wave is directed at a distant surface, particles of air in the path transmit the energy to the next particle, until it reaches the surface.
Why do sounds get softer?
Changing the amplitude of a sound wave changes its loudness or intensity. When you pluck a string gently, the sound will be softer because you have transferred less energy to the string. By using less energy, the string does not vibrate as much and will move less air than if you had plucked the same string forcefully.
Which material does sound travel fastest?
Of the three phases of matter (gas, liquid, and solid), sound waves travel the slowest through gases, faster through liquids, and fastest through solids. Let’s find out why. Sound moves slowest through a gas. That’s because the molecules in a gas are spaced very far apart.
At what temperature where sound travels the slowest?
At freezing (0º Celcius), sound travels through air at 331 meters per second (about 740 mph). But, at 20ºC, room temperature, sound travels at 343 meters per second (767 mph). Liquids: Sound travels faster in liquids than in gases because molecules are more tightly packed.
Does sound travel faster than light?
The speed of sound through air is about 340 meters per second. It’s faster through water, and it’s even faster through steel. Light will travel through a vacuum at 300 million meters per second. No information can propagate faster than the speed of light.