What are the 2 alleles for fur color in Snurfles?
extra credit
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Each half of a replicated chromosome is called a | sister chromatid |
| A fertilized egg is called a | Zygote |
| DNA that determines the traits of an organism? | Genes |
| What are the 2 alleles for fur color in Snurfles and which letters represent those alleles? | Yellow and Green |
What exactly happens during prophase I?
During prophase I, the homologous chromosomes condense and become visible as the x shape we know, pair up to form a tetrad, and exchange genetic material by crossing over. During prometaphase I, microtubules attach at the chromosomes’ kinetochores and the nuclear envelope breaks down.
What happens in metaphase 2 of meiosis?
In metaphase II, the chromosomes line up individually along the metaphase plate. In anaphase II, the sister chromatids separate and are pulled towards opposite poles of the cell. In telophase II, nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes decondense.
Is it true that DNA replicates during interphase?
Ninety percent or more of the cell cycle is spent in interphase. During interphase, cellular organelles double in number, the DNA replicates, and protein synthesis occurs. The chromosomes are not visible and the DNA appears as uncoiled chromatin.
What is the difference between nucleosome and chromatin?
Main Difference – Chromatin vs Nucleosome DNA is the genetic material of most organisms. The main difference between chromatin and nucleosome is that chromatin is the general term for the DNA wrapped with histones whereas nucleosome is the basic, repeating structural unit of chromatin.
How is DNA packaged into a chromosome?
Chromosomal DNA is packaged inside microscopic nuclei with the help of histones. These are positively-charged proteins that strongly adhere to negatively-charged DNA and form complexes called nucleosomes. Nucleosomes fold up to form a 30-nanometer chromatin fiber, which forms loops averaging 300 nanometers in length.
What are the 4 steps of DNA turning into chromosomes?
The cell goes through 4 steps (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.) The cells at the end of the process also have the same amount of chromosomes as the parent cell. At the end, 2 cells are produced. Mitosis is used to make body cells, and occurs in the body.
How many DNA is in a chromosome?
The illustration below shows the 46 chromosomes that contain the human genome. There are 22 homologous pairs and two sex chromosomes (the X and Y chromosomes). One chromosome in each pair is inherited from one’s mother and one from one’s father. Each chromosome is a single molecule of DNA.
Is chromosome part of DNA?
Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
What is the difference between DNA genes and chromosomes?
Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body. Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain a person’s genes. Genes are contained in chromosomes, which are in the cell nucleus.
How does the DNA of Chromosome work?
In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure. DNA and histone proteins are packaged into structures called chromosomes.
Which are the two main parts that make up a chromosome?
DNA is coiled around proteins called histones, which provide the structural support. Chromosomes help ensure that DNA is replicated and distributed appropriately during cell division. Each chromosome has a centromere, which divides the chromosome into two sections – the p (short) arm and the q (long) arm.
What is the relationship between DNA and a chromosome?
The chromosomes serve as the structure that holds the DNA. The DNA acts as a complete set of instructions that tells our bodies how to develop. Storing more data than any computer, each chromosome contains all the information needed to give you a base for your physical (and emotional) characteristics.
Does each egg have different DNA?
Each mature egg and sperm then has its own specific combination of genes—which means offspring will inherit a slightly different set of DNA from each parent. “It’s just a matter of biology,” says Megan Dennis, who studies human genetics at the University of California, Davis.
What is the function of each chromosome?
Chromosomes are located inside of the nucleus of cells. Each chromosome is one long single molecule of DNA. This DNA contains important genetic information. Chromosomes have a unique structure, which helps to keep the DNA tightly wrapped around the proteins called histones.
What is the relationship between DNA and proteins?
DNA carries the genetic information for making proteins. The four bases A, T, C and G make up the genetic code. The base sequence determines amino acid sequence in protein.
Which protein is found in DNA?
histones
What’s the difference between DNA and protein?
DNA contains the genetic information of all living organisms. Proteins are large molecules made up by 20 small molecules called amino acids. All living organisms have the same 20 amino acids, but they are arranged in different ways and this determines the different function for each protein.
What controls the production of proteins?
Transcription factors are proteins that control the production of other proteins. Enzymes involved in the same pathway in the cell are often controlled by the same transcription factor. Promoters are the sequences of DNA that determine when a gene is expressed.
Which type of DNA does not direct the production of proteins?
Genes consist of Exons which are DNA segments transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) that code for specific amino acids and Introns which are DNA sequences not expressed during protein synthesis.
What is the two step process of protein synthesis?
Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. Transcription is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus.
What produces proteins in a cell?
ribosomes
What happens during translation?
Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins.