What are the 5 main functions of the nervous system?
Central Nervous System – what does the brain and spinal cord do?
- maintaining homeostasis.
- interpreting sensory information.
- creating motor responses (movement)
- learning.
- thinking.
- talking.
What are the main functions of the peripheral nervous system?
The PNS has three basic functions: (1) conveying motor commands to all voluntary striated muscles in the body; (2) carrying sensory information about the external world and the body to the brain and spinal cord (except visual information: the optic nerves, which convey information from the retina to the brain, are in …
What are the two types of peripheral nerves?
The peripheral nervous system is divided into two main parts:
- Autonomic nervous system (ANS): Controls involuntary bodily functions and regulates glands.
- Somatic nervous system (SNS): Controls muscle movement and relays information from ears, eyes and skin to the central nervous system.
What is the function of the somatic nervous system?
The somatic nervous system is a component of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of the body movements via the use of skeletal muscles.
What is the sensory somatic nervous system?
The sensory-somatic nervous system is made up of cranial and spinal nerves and contains both sensory and motor neurons. Sensory neurons transmit sensory information from the skin, skeletal muscle, and sensory organs to the CNS.
What are the 2 main parts of somatic nervous system?
Thus the somatic nervous system consists of two parts:
- Spinal nerves: They are peripheral nerves that carry sensory information into and motor commands out of the spinal cord.
- Cranial nerves: They are the nerve fibers that carry information into and out of the brain stem.
Which is a function performed by the central nervous system?
The central nervous system (CNS) controls most functions of the body and mind. It consists of two parts: the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is the center of our thoughts, the interpreter of our external environment, and the origin of control over body movement.
Are cranial nerves part of the somatic nervous system?
In the somatic nervous system, the cranial nerves are part of the PNS with the exception of the optic nerve (cranial nerve II), along with the retina. The second cranial nerve is not a true peripheral nerve but a tract of the diencephalon. Cranial nerve ganglia originated in the CNS.
How many sets of nerves are there in somatic nervous system?
The somatic nervous system controls the musculoskeletal system and our external sensory organs with this function being controlled voluntary by our brains. These actions are determined by information received from the 43 sets of sensory nerves (12 in the brainstem and 31 in the spinal cord) present in our bodies.
Which neurotransmitter controls the somatic nervous system and how does it work?
It’s interesting to note that while the neurotransmitter acetylcholine has an excitatory effect in the somatic nervous system (ramps up a response), in the autonomic nervous system (the involuntary nervous system), it has an opposite inhibitory function (dampens a response).
Is sweating autonomic or somatic?
Examples of body processes controlled by the ANS include heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, salivation, perspiration, pupillary dilation, urination, and sexual arousal. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is divided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
What are the three major differences between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?
The somatic nervous system has sensory and motor pathways, whereas the autonomic nervous system only has motor pathways. The autonomic nervous system controls internal organs and glands, while the somatic nervous system controls muscles and movement.
Can you control your autonomic nervous system?
While involuntary physiological processes are usually outside the realm of conscious control, evidence suggests that these processes, through regulation of the autonomic nervous system, can be voluntarily controlled.