What are the 5 theories of development?
Child Development: Five Important Theories
- Erikson’s Psychosocial Developmental Theory.
- Bowlby’s Attachment Theory.
- Freud’s Psychosexual Developmental Theory.
- Bandura’s Social Learning Theory.
- Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory.
What are the five types of development?
Children develop skills in five main areas of development:
- Cognitive Development. This is the child’s ability to learn and solve problems.
- Social and Emotional Development.
- Speech and Language Development.
- Fine Motor Skill Development.
- Gross Motor Skill Development.
What are Erikson’s stages of development?
Article Content
| Stage | Psychosocial Crisis | Age |
|---|---|---|
| 2. | Autonomy vs. Shame | 1½ – 3 |
| 3. | Initiative vs. Guilt | 3 – 5 |
| 4. | Industry vs. Inferiority | 5 – 12 |
| 5. | Identity vs. Role Confusion | 12 – 18 |
What is Erik Erikson’s first stage of development?
The trust versus mistrust stage is the first stage of psychologist Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development. This stage begins at birth and lasts until your child is around 18 months old.
What are the 4 stages of identity development?
The psychologist James Marcia suggested that there are four identity statuses, or stages, in developing who we are as individuals. These stages are achievement, moratorium, foreclosure, and diffusion. This lesson covers Marcia’s theory and each identity status.
Is Erik Erikson’s theory still used today?
Erikson’s’ work is as relevant today as when he first outlined his original theory, in fact given the modern pressures on society, family and relationships – and the quest for personal development and fulfilment – his ideas are probably more relevant now than ever.
What is Erikson’s theory based on?
Erik Erikson (1902–1994) was a stage theorist who took Freud’s controversial theory of psychosexual development and modified it as a psychosocial theory. Erikson emphasized that the ego makes positive contributions to development by mastering attitudes, ideas, and skills at each stage of development.
What are the key concepts of Erikson theory?
This theory consists of eight stages of development: Trust versus mistrust; Autonomy versus shame and doubt; Initiative versus guilt; Industry versus inferiority; Identity versus identity confusion; Intimacy versus isolation; Generativity versus stagnation; Integerity versus despair.
Why is Erik Erikson Theory important for teachers?
Teaching Erikson’s theory at the different grade levels is important to ensure that students will attain mastery of each stage in Erikson’s theory without conflict. This will exhibit teacher appreciation for the areas of interest of the students as well as confidence in their ability.
What is the main idea of Erik Erikson’s theory of the individual’s development?
The key idea in Erikson’s theory is that the individual faces a conflict at each stage, which may or may not be successfully resolved within that stage. For example, he called the first stage ‘Trust vs Mistrust’. If the quality of care is good in infancy, the child learns to trust the world to meet her needs.
How do you implement Erikson’s theory in the classroom?
Provide a portion of the day when children can choose their own activities. Have a classroom library where children can pick their own books during reading time. This allows children the opportunity to learn how to make decisions for themselves. Break instruction and activities down into small steps.
How can Vygotsky’s theory be applied in the classroom?
A contemporary educational application of Vygotsky’s theory is “reciprocal teaching,” used to improve students’ ability to learn from text. In this method, teachers and students collaborate in learning and practicing four key skills: summarizing, questioning, clarifying, and predicting.
What is the main focus of Vygotsky’s theory of development?
Description. Vygotsky’s Cognitive Development Theory argues that cognitive abilities are socially guided and constructed. As such, culture serves as a mediator for the formation and development of specific abilities, such as learning, memory, attention, and problem solving.
What is an example of sociocultural theory?
For example, one culture teaches children to play with toys, while the other encourages them to play outdoors. Children from both cultures adapt to what their cultures teach them. If a culture encourages talking, they will learn to do so.
How is sociocultural theory used in the classroom?
In the sociocultural theory, students and teachers form relationships in the classroom to help the student learn. The relationships help facilitate social interaction and active participation in the learning tasks. Students learn through observation, listening and talking through their tasks.
Why is the sociocultural theory important?
Sociocultural theory is an emerging theory in psychology that looks at the important contributions that society makes to individual development. This theory stresses the interaction between developing people and the culture in which they live.
What is the difference between Piaget and Vygotsky theory?
Piaget and Vygotsky also differ in terms of the view of learning and development. While Piaget’s theory suggests that after cognitive development, learning occur, Vygotsky’s theory claims that learning can lead development and sometimes after development learning occurs.
What is scaffolding according to Vygotsky?
Instructional scaffolding, also known as “Vygotsky scaffolding” or just “scaffolding,” is a teaching method that helps students learn more by working with a teacher or a more advanced student to achieve their learning goals.
How do Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theories explain child development?
Piaget proposed that children progress through the stages of cognitive development through maturation, discovery methods, and some social transmissions through assimilation and accommodation (Woolfolk, A., 2004). Vygotsky’s theory stressed the importance of culture and language on one’s cognitive development.
What is Piaget’s developmental theory?
Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development suggests that children move through four different stages of mental development. His theory focuses not only on understanding how children acquire knowledge, but also on understanding the nature of intelligence.1 Piaget’s stages are: Sensorimotor stage: birth to 2 years.
Is Vygotsky’s theory nature or nurture?
Vygotsky had a similar stance, combining both nature and nurture. However, Vygotsky leaned towards nurture having more influence on a child’s development. His work encouraged nurture because he studied the effects of the social environment from parents and peers in development.
What is Vygotsky’s theory of creativity?
Vygotsky believed that creativity arises from any human activity that produces something new. Creative acts could produce anything from physical objects to a music score to a new mental construct. Creativity is therefore present when major artistic, scientific and technical discoveries are made.