What are the differences between structuralism and functionalism?
Structuralism studies the human mind and the basic units that can be identified through introspection. Functionalism focuses on more objective forms of study and argues that it’s necessary to study aspects of the mind and behavior in terms of function.
What is Gestalt and behaviorism?
Thus, Gestalt psychology aimed at studying both overt behavior and experiences. Behaviorism opposed the analysis of the structure of conscious into its component elements. It emphasized the association of stimulus and response in behavior.
What were the basic ideas and who were the important people behind the early approaches known as Gestalt psychoanalysis and behaviorism?
1.3 What were the basic ideas and who were the important people behind the early approaches known as Gestalt, psychoanalysis, and behaviorism? Wertheimer and others studied sensation and perception, calling the new perspective Gestalt (an organized whole) psychology.
What is the main criticism of structuralism?
The main critique of structuralism was its focus on introspection as the method by which to gain an understanding of conscious experience. Critics argue that self-analysis was not feasible, since introspective students cannot appreciate the processes or mechanisms of their own mental processes.
What group of psychologists did Watson’s ideas influence?
behaviorists
Which behaviorist has offered the most significant contributions to the field of psychology Why?
John Watson is often considered the father of behaviorism, and B. F. Skinner’s contributions to our understanding of principles of operant conditioning cannot be underestimated.
What objections did Watson have to introspection and Freud’s psychodynamic approach?
Watson’s biggest objection to the theories. of Sigmund Freud and the psychodynamic school of thought? a The unconscious is not the same in every human being, and so it is not a stable concept that can be explored scientifically.
What does Watson Skinner have to say about thinking feeling and introspection?
Watson said the behaviorist would completely eliminate introspection from psychology. Psychologists should adhere to scientific method, Watson said, studying only things that could be observed and measured. That would allow scientists to control human behavior as never before.
What did Watson say about introspection?
He rejected the idea of introspection—that it was possible to think about consciousness in a scientific way, or to use the mind to think about the mind. The only reliable material for scientific analysis was the observable facts of behaviour.
Why did Watson oppose the method of introspection?
Watson focused on objective data and emphasized the prediction and control of behavior as the aim of scientific psychology. To that end Watson rejected introspection as an acceptable, experimental methodology as well as dismissing any explanation of behavior based upon mentalism.