What countries make up the Middle East?
A variety of countries make up the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), including Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
When were the Middle East countries created?
3500 BC
How were the Middle East countries created?
The modern Middle East began after World War I, when the Ottoman Empire, which was allied with the Central Powers, was defeated by the British Empire and their allies and partitioned into a number of separate nations, initially under British and French Mandates.
What happened to the Middle East after ww1?
The partitioning of the Ottoman Empire after the war led to the domination of the Middle East by Western powers such as Britain and France, and saw the creation of the modern Arab world and the Republic of Turkey.
How did the outcome of the war impact the Middle East?
The losses in the Middle East were staggering: the war not only ravaged the land and decimated armies, it destroyed whole societies and economies. The social, economic, and psychological effects were deep and devastating.
What new countries were created in the Middle East after ww1?
Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia are new countries that were formed from the Russian Empire.
What countries no longer exist after ww1?
Nations that lost territory or independence after World War I
- Austria, as the successor state of Cisleithania in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
- Bulgaria: lost Western Thrace to Greece also lost a part of Eastern Macedonia and Western Outlands to Serbia (Yugoslavia)
What European country took control of most of the Middle East in 1917?
The United Kingdom
Who wanted to establish a lasting peace in Europe?
The Fourteen Points speech of President Woodrow Wilson was an address delivered before a joint meeting of Congress on January 8, 1918, during which Wilson outlined his vision for a stable, long-lasting peace in Europe, the Americas and the rest of the world following World War I.
Why did Britain control the Middle East?
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC CONSOLIDATION, 1798–1882. In the period from 1798 to 1882, Britain pursued three major objectives in the Middle East: protecting access to trade routes in the eastern Mediterranean, maintaining stability in Iran and the Persian Gulf, and guaranteeing the integrity of the Ottoman Empire.
Why did Britain want the Middle East?
Britain’s original motive for wanting to control the Middle East was primarily strategic: by dominating a belt of territory stretching from Egypt to Iran it could control the route between Europe and India.
Did the British own the Middle East?
Britain did not seek territorial acquisition in the Middle East in World War II. It nevertheless found itself drawn into new responsibilities. Following the German attack on the Soviet Union in June 1941, Britain joined the USSR in occupying Iran.
Did Britain control the Middle East?
Britain took on a more formal role, although one short of full colonial control, after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in 1918 and its Middle East territories were parcelled up into League of Nations Mandates, most of which were granted to the British (in Palestine, Trans-Jordan and Iraq).
Did Britain colonize the Middle East?
With the onset of WWI, the French and the British sent armies and agents into the Middle East, to foment revolts in the Arabian Peninsula and to seize Iraq, Syria and Palestine. The British took over Palestine and three Ottoman provinces of Mesopotamia and created modern-day Iraq.
Did Europe colonize the Middle East?
The European powers colonized one Islamic country after another. France occupied Algeria in 1830, and Britain Aden nine years later. Tunisia was occupied in 1881, Egypt in 1882, the Sudan in 1889 and Libya and Morocco in 1912.
Why Arab countries are called Middle East?
In 1902 the term “Middle East” was coined in order to designate the area residing between Egypt and Singapore, comprising major access points to Asia, such as the Suez Canal, the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf, etc. (Center, F.G.E.c).
Why did the British Colonise Egypt?
The main interest of the British in Egypt was to keep control of the trade route that ran through Egypt to the Red Sea and then on to India. Egyptians were also an important market for British industries to sell to. On the whole, the rich and powerful ruling classes in Egypt accepted British rule.
What countries did Britain colonize in the Middle East?
Breaking free were nine Middle Eastern British colonies: three in the 1940s (Jordan, Pakistan, and Israel), three in the 1950s and 1960s (Sudan, Kuwait, and Aden or South Yemen), and three in 1971 (Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates).
What two countries were colonizing Africa and the Middle East?
The principal powers involved in the modern colonisation of Africa are Britain, France, Germany, Portugal, Spain and Italy. In nearly all African countries today, the language used in government and media is the one imposed by a recent colonial power, though most people speak their native African languages.
How did Britain divide the Middle East?
On May 19, 1916, representatives of Great Britain and France secretly reach an accord, known as the Sykes-Picot agreement, by which most of the Arab lands under the rule of the Ottoman Empire are to be divided into British and French spheres of influence with the conclusion of World War I.
Did France colonize the Middle East?
France’s second colonial empire was founded in Algeria in 1830, after the loss of most of the first overseas empire in the Americas in the eighteenth century and the final defeat of Napoléon in Europe in 1815. …
Does France have any colonies?
The French colonial empire in the Americas comprised New France (including Canada and Louisiana), French West Indies (including Saint-Domingue, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Dominica, St. Lucia, Grenada, Tobago and other islands) and French Guiana. French North America was known as ‘Nouvelle France’ or New France.
Why did the French leave the Middle East?
Continuing pressure from Syrian nationalist groups and the British forced the French to evacuate the last of its troops in April 1946, leaving the country in the hands of a republican government that was formed during the mandate.
Does France have colonies?
France began to establish colonies in North America, the Caribbean and India, following Spanish and Portuguese successes during the Age of Discovery, in rivalry with Britain.