What differentiates terrorism from other forms of violence?
Terrorism is an act of violence, different from other acts of violence, for example, genocide, war, war crimes, political assassinations, and so on in that it is (1) a spectacle directed toward a wider audience than the immediate victims, (2) directed toward place destruction, and/or (3) place alienation (Daanish …
What did Martha Crenshaw 1972 say about revolutionary terrorism?
In a paper published in 1972, Crenshaw defined “revolutionary terrorism” by examining Algeria’s National Liberation Front (FLN) as being “part of a revolutionary strategy to seize political power from an existing government,” involving “a consistent pattern of symbolic representation of the victims or objects of …
What is selective terrorism?
One type of terrorism, which we may call ‘selective’ or ‘individualized’, is directed against non-combatants who are targeted because of their individual identities or roles. In another sense, however, such terrorism is very discriminate, being directed against specific categories of people and not others.
Is terrorism essentially contested concept?
(d) The term “terrorism” is a stigmatizing concept; as a result, definers, labelers, and the labeled are eager selectively to exclude themselves and their own actions under the term and, correspondingly, to include others and their actions under it; the result is that “terrorism” is a politically contested concept.
What was the main goal of the Red Brigades?
Red Brigades, Italian Brigate Rosse, militant left-wing organization in Italy that gained notoriety in the 1970s for kidnappings, murders, and sabotage. Its self-proclaimed aim was to undermine the Italian state and pave the way for a Marxist upheaval led by a “revolutionary proletariat.”
Who did the Red Brigade kidnap?
Aldo Moro
Who Killed Aldo Moro?
Mario Moretti
When was Aldo Moro assassinated?
May 9, 1978, Rome, Italy
What did the Red Brigades want?
Formed in 1970, the Red Brigades sought to create a revolutionary state through armed struggle, and to remove Italy from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The organization attained notoriety in the 1970s and early 1980s with their violent acts of sabotage, bank robberies, kidnappings and murders.
What are the problems caused by terrorism?
Terrorist attacks result in many economic and social consequences. It damages to the infrastructure, biological loss, environmental damages, loss of confidence in the market and government, social disruption, failure of banking, trade and supply system.
How does terrorism affect the economy?
Terrorism also thwarts economic growth indirectly by affecting macroeconomic variables, e.g., by reducing FDI, lessening domestic investment, increasing inflation, increasing non-development government expenditures (law and order), damaging stock markets, and increasing unemployment, among others.
Which two types of terrorism does the federal?
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) categorizes terrorism in the United States as one of two types–domestic terrorism or international terrorism.
What is cyberterrorism what effects could it have?
Our findings draw on three large n studies conducted from 2013 to 2016 and suggest that cyberterrorism aggravates stress and anxiety, intensifies feelings of vulnerability and hardens political attitudes. In these ways, we demonstrate that cyberterrorism causes responses similar to conventional terrorism.
What is foreign terrorism?
“Foreign Terrorist Organization” (FTO) is a designation for non-United States-based organizations deemed by the United States Secretary of State, in accordance with section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 (INA), to be involved in what US authorities define as terrorist activities.
Is domestic terrorism a legal term?
The United States Department of State defined terrorism in 2003 as “premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience.” There is no Federal criminal offense designated as domestic terrorism.
What is considered an act of war?
An Act of war is an action by one country against another with an intention to provoke a war or an action that occurs during a declared war or armed conflict between military forces of any origin.
How does the Patriot Act violate the Constitution?
Who can they demand it from? Section 215 of the Patriot Act violates the Constitution in several ways. It: Violates the Fourth Amendment, which says the government cannot conduct a search without obtaining a warrant and showing probable cause to believe that the person has committed or will commit a crime.