What enzyme adds nucleotides?
DNA polymerase
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides Quizizz?
What is the name of the enzyme responsible for responsible for adding new nucleotides to the unzipped DNA?
DNA Polymerase
What enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to a growing DNA chain during replication quizlet?
What happens if a specific kind of protein is not continually used by a cell?
The gene for the protein is turned on and off at different times. Explanation: The turning on and off of the gene is described as gene regulation. This process is important because it enables the cells to react quickly to the changes in the environment.
What three parts do Nucleotides consist of?
A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base. The bases used in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).
What structural problem prevents adenine from pairing with?
3) The structural problem which prevents adenine from pairing with guanine is that the bases are both long. Explanation: Adenine and pyrimidine are continuously paired and purine and C ar continuously paired.
What prevents adenine from pairing with cytosine?
What structural problem prevents adenine from pairing with guanine and cytosine with thymine? Guanine and adenine would be too long. cytosine and thymine would too short.
Which bacteria killed the mice in Griffith’s experiment?
Transformation Experiment. Pneumococcus bacteria include two strains, a virulent S strain with a Smooth glycoprotein coat that kills mice (left), and a non-virulent R Rough strain that does not (middle). Heating destroys the virulence of S (right).
What did Griffith’s experiment prove?
In Summary: The History of DNA Frederick Griffith’s experiments with strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae provided the first hint that DNA may be the transforming principle. Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty proved that DNA is required for the transformation of bacteria.
What was the conclusion of Griffith’s experiment?
Griffith concluded that the R-strain bacteria must have taken up what he called a “transforming principle” from the heat-killed S bacteria, which allowed them to “transform” into smooth-coated bacteria and become virulent.
What was transformed in Griffith’s experiment?
Griffith’s Experiment was an experiment done in 1928 by Frederick Griffith. It was one of the first experiments showing that bacteria can get DNA through a process called transformation. In this experiment, bacteria from the III-S strain were killed by heat, and their remains were added to II-R strain bacteria.
What was unique in Griffith’s experiment?
In this experiments, Griffith injected mice in the lab with live R-type of bacteria. They did not suffer from the disease. He thus concluded that heat-killed smooth type bacterial caused a transformation of the living rough type bacteria. This experiment suggested that DNA and not proteins are the genetic material.
What was the most important concept demonstrated by Griffith’s experiment?
Griffith developed the concept of the transforming principle. The prinicple was able to transform a non-pathogenic bacteria into a pathogenic strain. Changing phenotype is one of the characteristics of the hereditary material. Griffith called the factor that changed the phenotype the tranforming principle.
What was Griffith’s hypothesis?
Through a series of experiments, Griffith established that the virulence of the S strain was destroyed by heating the bacteria. Based on these observations, Griffith hypothesized that a chemical component from the virulent S cells had somehow transformed the R cells into the more virulent S form (Griffith, 1928).
What is the hypothesis for the phage infection experiment?
In their experiments, Hershey and Chase showed that when bacteriophages, which are composed of DNA and protein, infect bacteria, their DNA enters the host bacterial cell, but most of their protein does not. Hershey and Chase and subsequent discoveries all served to prove that DNA is the hereditary material.
What are the 3 key roles of DNA?
What are the three key roles of DNA? Storing, copying, and transmitting information.
Why did Hershey and Chase use bacteriophages?
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase used the bacteriophages because of their connection to DNA. The phages were mixed with bacteria and because of the way they function, the phages infected the bacterial cells.
Why did Hershey and Chase use a blender?
After introducing to the phage culture to the bacterial sample, they used a Waring blender to violently disturb the infected bacteria, causing the protein shells to detach from their hosts.
Why did Hershey and Chase use 32P and 35S?
Discuss the rationale and conclusions of this experiment. The 32P (phosphorus) was used in the Hershey-Chase experiment because phosphorus is present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), but not in protein. Hence, 35S was used to label only the proteins because DNA does not contain sulfur.
How would Hershey and Chase learn whether genes were made of protein or DNA?
How would Hershey and Chase learn whether genes were made of protein or DNA? They would learn whether genes were made of protein or DNA by creating an experiment using phosphorus- 32 and sulfur- 35, as markers in their experiment. Concluded that the genetic material of the bacteriophage was DNA.
What did the experiment of Hershey and Chase show?
The most well-known Hershey-Chase experiment was the final experiment, also called the Waring Blender experiment, through which Hershey and Chase showed that phages only injected their DNA into host bacteria, and that the DNA served as the replicating genetic element of phages.
How did Hershey and Chase prepare the two batches of phages 35S and 32P batches )?
To establish whether the phage injected DNA or protein into host bacteria, Hershey and Chase prepared two different batches of phage. In one preparation they made protein part radioactive in the presence of 35S and in the other preparation the DNA was made radioactive in the presence of 32P.
Why did heat kill Griffith’s S bacteria?
4. Why did heat kill Griffith’s S bacteria? He found that the bacteria in which the DNA had been destroyed did not transform the harmless strain. Griffith used heat to kill the virulent strain but found that the disease-causing ability was still transferred to the harmless strain of bacteria.
Who ended the debate and finally proved that DNA was the transforming principle?
and MacLyn McCarty 1944 No one had anything significant to say about what the transforming principle might be until 16 years later, in 1944 when Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod and MacLynn McCarty demonstrated that the transforming principle was DNA.
What did Avery’s experiment results show?
Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty showed that DNA (not proteins) can transform the properties of cells, clarifying the chemical nature of genes. Avery, MacLeod and McCarty identified DNA as the “transforming principle” while studying Streptococcus pneumoniae, bacteria that can cause pneumonia.