What happened to much of the military leadership and intellectuals in the Soviet Union?

What happened to much of the military leadership and intellectuals in the Soviet Union?

Stalin was a cult of personality in the Soviet Union. What happened to much of the military leadership and intellectuals in the Soviet Union under Stalin’s rule? He began purging them, making people disappear who seemed powerful enough to challenge him. What circumstances enabled Mussolini to gain power in Italy?

What were the effects of Stalin’s economic modernization programs in the Soviet Union?

1) New towns, cities and industrial zones set up-poor quality housing. 2) Long hours and low pay. 3)Bonuses given to workers who could improve upon production targets e.g. Stakhanov. 4) Work was done by forced labour camps.

Why did Stalin introduce the 5 year plans?

Stalin believed that the Soviet Union had to build up its industry so it could defend itself from attack by countries in the west. Stalin wanted the Soviet Union to be a modern industrial country like the U.S.A., Germany and Britain.

What was the impact of collectivisation?

Impact of Collectivisation In reality it was disaster on a huge scale – the most efficient peasant farmers had been shot or deported, food production disrupted and 25-30% of all cattle, pigs and sheep had been slaughtered (or eaten by peasants).

What was Stalinism and collectivisation?

​ ​ His idea dominated the USSR and that period came to know as Stalinism. Collectivisation – Combining land of various farmers and then performing the agricultural activities on collective basis.

What is a gulag?

The Gulag was a system of forced labor camps established during Joseph Stalin’s long reign as dictator of the Soviet Union. The word “Gulag” is an acronym for Glavnoe Upravlenie Lagerei, or Main Camp Administration.

What do you mean by kulaks class 9?

(a) Kulaks: It is the Russian term for wealthy peasants who Stalin believed were hoarding grains to gain more profit. They were raided in 1928 and their supplies were confiscated. According to Marxism-Leninism, kulaks were a ‘class enemy’ of the poorer peasants.

What is the meaning of kulaks?

Kulak, (Russian: “fist”), in Russian and Soviet history, a wealthy or prosperous peasant, generally characterized as one who owned a relatively large farm and several head of cattle and horses and who was financially capable of employing hired labour and leasing land.